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...o develop a software [[product]]. It is an important part of [[project]] [[management]], as it serves to provide an initial [[project budget]] and timeline. The ==Example of software cost estimation==

...goal of [[knowledge management]] is to identify, create, share, and apply knowledge to drive organizational success. ==Example of knowledge==

...y|minimum costs]], the lean development's objective is to create a product/software that will fulfil requirements of users. ...market]] through waste elimination during the [[planning]], [[resource]] [[management]], control and interdisciplinary [[communication]].

...cts are often used to implement change and to create something new, either in the form of tangible products or intangible services. ...roject will require [[market research]], [[design and development]] of the application, testing, and deployment.

...re the implementation of secure and compliant IT solutions. The goal of IT management is to maximize the [[efficiency]] and effectiveness of IT operations while ==Example of information technology management==

...technology. In this organization, it does not matter who and at what level in the [[hierarchy]] is, all interested parties are equal. [[Work]] breakdown ==Application==

...egative. Obtaining patent pending status does not guarantee law protection in case of copying, stealing ideas with this status. ...specified territory. When an invention is patented, consumers who want to use it must pay a license fee. Illegal infringement of patent is a crime and ca

...r than the information itself can also include intangible assets such as [[knowledge]], reputation, abilities and material goods: machines and cash. ...of humanity. In the information society, everything comes down to creating knowledge and using it based on the information you have.

...of used expressions, taking into account the [[needs]] of all user groups in all countries. It can therefore be applied both by trading companies at all ...ons Electronic Data)" combined international forces of various industries. In later periods, newer specialized varieties of EDI standards were also devel

...thod]] to work on designated positions. This obligation can be implemented in the form of oral or written [[information]] describing scope of activities ...ely linked with the employee, [[job description]] is more general document in [[organization]]. Job description is an element of the organization structu

...gy represents a range of tools, solutions, and methods that businesses can use to improve [[efficiency]], productivity, and [[customer]] [[service]]. Tech ==Example of changes in technology==

...s to facilitate access to and use of the knowledge base. This includes the use of [[technology]], such as data warehouses, databases, and search engines. ...ternal knowledge sources, organizations can develop an effective knowledge management [[system]]. This system can be used to improve processes, products, and ser

...gnments and exercises. The adaptive learning mechanisms are based on the [[knowledge]] from scientific fields such as [[artificial intelligence]], psychology an ...n also be helpful in business courses. Adaptive learning tools are usually in the form of computer or [[internet]] applications (Yang et al., 2013).

[[Knowledge]] structure is a passive scheme under which knowledge can be organized and managed, unlike the reasoning mechanism, that actively ==Knowledge classification==

...the first time in the book "Java Modeling in Color with UML" by Peter Coad in 1999. * The second process - creating a list of functions. From the [[knowledge]] obtained during the modeling process, a list of functions is determined b

...ctions come in—both are essential for any organisation’s development and [[management]]. But what are the differences between a feature and a function? ...is an [[action]] or [[process]] that is performed by a product or service in order to achieve a desired result. It is a set of activities that achieve a

...ices to an external [[service]] provider. The service provider specializes in a particular function or task and takes on responsibility for the entire [[ ...gn firms to create an aesthetically pleasing, user-friendly website or web application. The web development [[firm]] typically provides services such as website d

...nology is a way of connecting production of little small batches of goods, in one larger group of production processes. Group technologies shall apply wh ...echnology. Group technology allows to connect a lot of individual products in four groups of similar technology, which can be manufactured together due t

...ations with valuable insight into their operations. DPMO is typically used in [[Six Sigma]] initiatives to ensure [[customer]] expectations are met. ...MO is simple. All you [[need]] to do is divide the number of defects found in a [[product]] or [[process]] by the total number of opportunities for defec

...]]. It is non-routine and complex activity which involves multiple parties in operation. Project [[Management]] Institute (PMI) defines a Project as:

...not [[work]] to make changes immediately<ref>Gelobter M., 2015, ch. Change in change itself</ref>. Recommends a refund or stop if the initial [[plan]] do ...thanks to them we can provide [[customer]] products they need and want to use them<ref>Ries E., 2011, p.8-9</ref>:

...has already worked out some knowledge, it is important to locate resources in optimal way so that the next design capacity is supported and expected outc ...of that might be '''Design Knowledge Network''' (DKN). The design capacity in an organisation might be described within the organisational' structure, wh

...at improve the [[efficiency]] of processing all forms of documents created in organizations. From internal documents regarding the cooperation of various ...ey have been present on the [[market]] for a long time. Many organizations use them to obtain positive economic and organizational effects.

...t costs''' are costs incurred for activities aimed at developing a company in many aspects. These can be amounts spent on research projects, patents and ...]], which translates into the growth of the [[company]]. An important role in this area is played by [[research and development]] works, which often gene

...within the same country), offshore (in a different country), or nearshore (in a nearby country). ...ess [[process]] outsourcing''' allow to increase [[enterprise]] value. The use of this type of outsourcing is connected with the transfer of [[company]]'s

...ve aspects of imitating natural intelligence and the use of human features in development and [[technology]]. * Easier spread of knowledge

...erse effect of medicines on live cells in the body. However nanotechnology in the food [[industry]] is used for the manufacture of packaging. There are p ...l-Aziz R. A. (2013)</ref>. In the field of medicine, biotechnology is used in genetics (DNA chips).<br>

The '''[[information]] security [[management]] [[system]]''' (ISMS) scope comprises: * monitoring of the system with the aid of internal audits and a management review.

...is [[quantitative risk analysis]]. It can be used also to other areas of [[management]], not only projects. It is important to state that both approaches are com * no special software is requi,

...nt of the work contains the characteristics of the [[employee]] (such as [[knowledge]], tolerances, practical skills, abilities etc.) and described through the ...part of each work. The results of the job analysis serve as a basis, which in future will help to plan the required professional characteristics, number

...n]] and collaboration with [[stakeholders]] and other individuals involved in the project. ==Example of project management theory==

...allowed to omit any [[information]], because each information is crucial. In the [[Internet]], there are some templates, where everyone can check, what ...ion should also found in this section, than information about any payments in advance, previous payments (if they occurred), taxes amount, and, the most

* scope of application; * in what sequence should be done the procedure;

...Vega, in turn, is the change in an option's premium (price) given a change in the price of the underlying. ...'s DgammaDvol, referring to the change ('D' for delta) in gamma per change in volatility.

...functions and states within a [[company]]. These activities are organized in a meaningful sequence by a control flow, so that dependencies of the proces ...y be necessary, for example, for the introduction of [[standard]] business software.

...t, but no instructions on how to perform each task, leaving the initiative in this respect, the service provider. ...in the [[outsourcing agreement]] (contract), of repetitive tasks performed in [[organization]], as well as employees, machinery, equipment, [[technology]

...e why why analysis is used mainly in [[Six sigma]], however it can be used in every [[organization]]. The idea of [[5 whys]] comes from [[Genichi Taguchi The analysis should be performed by a team of people interested in finding solution to the problem. The team should be diversified to assure d

'''Administrative [[management]]''' ...minister' or 'serve'. Later, the word assumed the meaning, 'to govern'. '''Management''' comes from manus, meaning 'to control by hand'"<ref>R.K. Sapru (2009), p

...thms and progress of [[artificial intelligence]], these changes also occur in the sphere of investing. People believe that advanced programs will help th ...ing the creation of comprehensive formulas and complex mathematical models in order to create a pattern that the computer will be guided by when buying a

...reduce waste and increase value for [[customer]] and every [[enterprise]] in the chain. Lean manufacturing is limited to one [[company]] and can cover r * [[Freight]] management

...fference takes the negative it is called: '''dis-synergy'''). Synergy in [[management]] is also called as '''[[organizational effect]]''' or '''synergistic effec ...ts through skilful combination of all components. This term is used mainly in managerial circles about good companies and individuals operating within th

* [[project]] [[management]]. ...uct can be tangible or intangible (service, computer application or even [[knowledge]]). Product don't have to be sold. Services of [[public administration]] ar

...complex phenomenon of dissemination of new ideas, technical and practical application, accompanied by specific economic and social effects. Innovation process in ...ction of a new product on the market, company has to design and develop it in [[process of innovation]]. It consists of:

...siting professor in Japanese and American institutes. In 50-ties he worked in Indian Statistics Institute with [[Walter A. Shewhart]]. Taguchi's ideas are widely used today in many industries. Due to level of sophistication, they are often less known

In order to successfully finance an innovative project, it is important for en ...ects, the process can be daunting. However, with the right resources and [[knowledge]], entrepreneurs and innovators can secure the resources they [[need]] to b

...tivities are tightly linked and interrelated with each other. Project cost management include: ==Resource planning in project cost management==

...48de333451f8&acdnat=1543151746_c656eedbbb9988d3ef29e6bb74a81880 Simulation in Manufacturing: Review and Challenges](p.220)</ref> Simulation training is becoming more and more popular in '''organizations''' due to its unique advantages. However, it is worth know

...tivity-based Management therefore provides managers with goals and targets in areas such as: ...iness unit]] manager in the [[organization]] contributes to Activity-based Management's goals.

...erson discussion in the sense that there are more than two people involved in the conversation, which can be more complex, collaborative, and dynamic. Th ...table for some people. That being said, two-person discussions are limited in scope and may be more time consuming.

...gement]]''' - is the consistency of traditionally established innovation [[management]] and [[synergy]] of the [[company]] elements like organization, technology According to Professor Qingrui Xu research: ''the reinvention and management of an innovation value network that dynamically integrates the conception,