View source for Uncertainty in ai

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<li>[[Intelligent organization ]]</li>
<li>[[Continuous audit ]]</li>
<li>[[Specific risk ]]</li>
<li>[[AI in manufacturing ]]</li>
<li>[[Innovation 4.0 ]]</li>
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'''Uncertainty in AI''' is the lack of clarity or predictability in the outcomes of an AI system's decisions due to its complex algorithms and its ability to process vast amounts of data. It can lead to the system making decisions that are not consistent with what management would expect or want. This can result in scenarios where AI systems produce inaccurate or unexpected results, leading to potential risks and liabilities for an organization. To manage this uncertainty, organizations must understand the algorithms of the AI system, keep up with the changing landscape of AI technologies, and implement appropriate strategies to ensure the accuracy and reliability of the AI system’s output.

==Example of uncertainty in ai ==
* '''Autonomous vehicles''': Autonomous vehicles are AI-driven robots or machines that can drive, navigate, and make decisions without the need for a human driver. This can create a great deal of uncertainty, as AI algorithms are not always able to predict or account for all the variables in complex traffic scenarios. This can lead to situations where the AI-driven vehicle may make incorrect decisions that could cause accidents or other harm. 
* '''Healthcare AI''': AI algorithms are increasingly being used in healthcare to diagnose illnesses, predict outcomes, and suggest treatments. However, due to the complexity of medical conditions and the difficulty of predicting the effectiveness of treatments, there is a great deal of uncertainty in these AI-based decisions. This can lead to inaccurate diagnoses or treatments, as well as potential risks if the AI system is not properly monitored and tested. 
* '''Financial services''': AI algorithms are being used in financial services for tasks such as automated trading, credit scoring, and fraud detection. However, due to the complex nature of the financial markets and the constantly changing environment, there is a great deal of uncertainty in the output of these AI systems. This can lead to inaccurate results or decisions, as well as potential risks if the AI system is not managed correctly.

==Types of uncertainty in ai ==
Uncertainty in AI can be broken down into several different types. These include: 
* Algorithmic Uncertainty - This type of uncertainty occurs when the AI system’s algorithms are not fully understood by the user, leading to unexpected outcomes.
* Data Uncertainty - This type of uncertainty occurs when the data used to train the AI system is incomplete or incorrect, leading to inaccurate results.
* Interpretation Uncertainty - This type of uncertainty occurs when the user interprets the AI system’s results incorrectly or fails to properly understand the implications of the results.
* Limitations Uncertainty - This type of uncertainty occurs when the AI system’s capabilities are limited due to restricted access to data or processing power, leading to suboptimal results.
* Operational Uncertainty - This type of uncertainty occurs when the AI system’s decisions are hindered by operational obstacles, such as unexpected maintenance or system outages.

==Advantages of uncertainty in ai ==
Uncertainty in AI can have several advantages, including:
* '''Increased efficiency in decision making''': AI systems can process data faster and more accurately than humans, which can lead to faster and more accurate decision making.
* '''Improved accuracy''': AI systems can process large data sets and apply complex algorithms to identify patterns and draw conclusions. This can lead to more accurate predictions and results.
* '''Increased flexibility''': AI systems can be configured to adapt to changing environment, allowing them to react quickly to changes in the data.
* '''Improved scalability''': AI systems can be scaled up or down depending on the needs of the organization, allowing for increased efficiency and cost savings.
* '''Reduced cost''': AI systems can save organizations money by reducing the need for human labor and providing more efficient processes.

==Limitations of uncertainty in ai ==
Uncertainty in AI can lead to a variety of limitations, including:
* '''Lack of trust in AI systems''': When AI systems produce unpredictable results, it can be difficult to trust the decisions they make. This can lead to stakeholders having difficulty trusting the system and its decisions, leading to a lack of confidence in its use.
* '''Difficulty in understanding and interpreting the results''': AI systems are often complex and difficult to understand. This can make it difficult to interpret the results of the AI system and to identify potential biases in its decisions.
* '''Risk of data misuse''': AI systems can be used to access, store, and process large amounts of data. This can lead to potential privacy and security risks if the data is not properly secured or managed.
* '''Potential for ethical issues''': AI systems can be used for a variety of tasks, including those related to ethics and morality. This can lead to potential ethical issues if the system is not properly managed or monitored.

==Suggested literature==
* Denœux, T., Dubois, D., & Prade, H. (2020). ''[https://hal.science/hal-02921351/document Representations of uncertainty in Ai: beyond probability and possibility]''. A Guided Tour of Artificial Intelligence Research: Volume I: Knowledge Representation, Reasoning and Learning, 119-150.
* Kanal, L. N., & Lemmer, J. F. (Eds.). ''[https://www.iiia.csic.es/media/filer_public/02/d9/02d9804f-fce8-4b4b-9c14-5489ee0d2785/iiia-1997-1490.pdf (2014)]''. Uncertainty in artificial intelligence. Elsevier.

[[Category:Information systems]]