Dangerous goods
Dangerous goods according to Dictionary of Shipping Terms it is cargo which is potentially hazardous such as inflammable or toxic goods. Such cargo must be notified by the shipper to the carrier as being dangerous and is usually carried on deck. Different classes of dangerous goods have different limits on the time they are allowed to be stored on the quay or in a warehouse. Some types of dangerous goods cannot be loaded with others dangerous goods, whether in containers or elsewhere [1].
Legal Regulations
There is no single unified legal act regulating the transport of dangerous goods. Regulation regarding classification of goods, use of packagings, use of tanks, consignment procedures, provisions concerning the construction, use of means of transport (including loading, mixed loading and unloading) have been included in [2] [3] :
- ADR European Agreement Concerning the International Carriage of Dangerous Goods by Road
- IMDG International Maritime Dangerous Code
- IATA The International Air Transport Association
- RID International Carriage of Dangerous Goods by Rail
Transport of dangerous goods
Dangerous goods regulations make transport feasible while eliminating ore reducing risk to a minimum. Some materials, however, presents an unacceptable risk under any circumstances or by certain modes. Others may be transported only with special permission and arrangements. The majority of forbidden dangerous goods are extremely shock-sensitive explosives or explosives that become unstable when subjected to conditions normally incident to transportation [4] [5].
Forbidden material may include [6] :
- Electrical devices that generate sparks or excessive heat
- Excessively magnetic material
- Incompatible materials transported in the same container
- Materials that decompose or polymerize violently under normal conditions
- Materials that give off flammable vapour concentration
- Materials that detonate in a fire
- Specifically forbidden materials that have been involved in transportation incidents in the past
| Dangerous goods — recommended articles |
| Institute cargo clauses — Freight carrier — CMR convention — Freight insurance — Shipping terms — Master bill of lading — Transloading — Door to door service — Free carrier (FCA) |
References
- Brodie P. (2013), Dictionary of Shipping Terms Sixth Edition, Publishing house Informa Law from Routledge, New York
- Fox M.A (2000), Glosary for the Worldwide Transportation of Dangerous Goods and Hazardous Materials, Publishing house Lewis Publishers, Boca Raton, p.56
- Güner-Özbek M.D (2008), The Carriage of Dagerous Goods by Sea, Publishing House Springer, Berlin, p. 5-30
- United Nations Economic Commission For Europe (2017), European Agreement Concerning the International Carriage of Dangerous Goods by Road, Copyright United Nations, Geneva
- Wrapson R. (2009), Dangerous Goods. A guide to exemptions from the Carriage of Dangerous Goods by Road Regulations, Publishing house Kogan Page, London, p. 4
Footnotes
Author: Aldona Pająk
