Food commodity
Food commodity is a branch of commodity science dealing with the entirety of knowledge regarding food commodities (their chemical composition, physical structure, acquisition and processing processes, changes in storage time, impact on the human body, factors affecting their quality, as well as research and evaluation of their quality, etc. ). Food commodity also deals with the characteristics, classification and technological suitability of various food groups and quality assessment and its provision on the basis of applicable legal regulations. The term commodity is derived from economic sciences and relates to the knowledge of the principles of obtaining and production, the use of appropriate packaging, transport, as well as food storage.
The scope and place of food commodity science among other sciences
Food commodity includes in its scope:
- naming of goods,
- raw materials and their impact on the quality of finished products,
- basic principles of technological processes and their impact on the quality of food production,
- properties of finished goods and their impact on the development of quality and meeting the needs of users,
- classification rules,
- test methods, allowing the assessment and determination of the food value of the goods,
- the method of food storage and preservation in order to preserve its quality, extend its use and reduce losses,
- conditions of food transport in connection with its properties,
- standardization and legal provisions regulating the quality of goods, their marking, etc.,
- quality acceptance of goods,
- development of quality assurance systems for goods.
Food commodities due to a wide range of interests use research and methodology of other sciences, such as: food biochemistry, food microbiology, sensory analysis of food, food technology, food toxicology, bromatology. The necessity of supporting the experience of such a variety of sciences is particularly evident during the commodity assessment of food, which requires the determination of not only physicochemical characteristics but also the assessment of the health quality of food.
The role of food commodity
Knowledge about raw materials and their technological suitability, about various food products and the degree of their processing (from minimally processed food to highly processed convenience food), their quality and usability is indispensable both for producers and people involved in the distribution and control of manufactured food. Manufactured products must find a buyer so that they can become a commodity. In a market economy in which there is overproduction, the biggest problem is the production of appropriate products that will be accepted by the consumer. To achieve this, it is necessary to have a broad knowledge of goods, this knowledge is provided by commodity science.
Methodology
Food science as a science uses its own research methods, and uses research methods of other sciences with which it is associated, especially: chemistry, biochemistry, sensory analysis, etc.
Other issues related to food commodity:
- Macronutrients
- Bread
- Spirit
- Catabolism
- Taster
- Preservatives
- Anabiosis
- Conditioner
- Organoleptic assessment
- Hygroscopicity
- Lipolysis
- Shelf life
- Trace elements
- Mineralization
- Emulsification
- Antioxidants
- Dangerous factors
- Product grade
- Food groups
- Higrometria
- Calorimetry
- Caramelization
- Colorimetry
- Acidity
- Maderyzation
- Odorymetry
- Packing
- Sensory memory
- Enzymatic preparations
- Proteolysis
- Trial (Commodity Science)
- Swell
- Thermostatic tests
- Methods for determining water
Examples of Food commodity
- Fruits: Fruits are one of the most common food commodities. This includes the production of fruits such as apples, oranges, and grapes, as well as the storage, packaging, and transportation of these fruits.
- Vegetables: Vegetables are another type of food commodity. This includes the production of vegetables such as potatoes, carrots, and broccoli, as well as the storage, packaging, and transportation of these vegetables.
- Meat: Meat is a type of food commodity that includes the production of beef, pork, chicken, and fish, as well as the storage, packaging, and transportation of these meats.
- Dairy: Dairy products are a type of food commodity that includes the production of milk, cheese, butter, and yogurt, as well as the storage, packaging, and transportation of these dairy products.
- Grains: Grains are another type of food commodity that includes the production of wheat, rice, oats, and barley, as well as the storage, packaging, and transportation of these grains.
- Oils and Fats: Oils and fats are also a type of food commodity that includes the production of vegetable oils, olive oil, and butter, as well as the storage, packaging, and transportation of these oils and fats.
- Food safety: Food safety is an important element when it comes to food commodity. It involves the application of a set of principles, standards, and guidelines to ensure that food does not become contaminated and is safe for consumption. It includes the monitoring and control of food production processes, food storage and distribution, and food preparation in order to prevent incidents of foodborne illnesses.
- Food economics: Food economics is the study of how food is produced, distributed and consumed. It involves the analysis of food supply chains and the associated costs, prices, and consumption patterns. It also covers issues such as food security and food policy.
- Food engineering: Food engineering is the application of engineering principles and technology to the processing, packaging, storage, and distribution of food products. It involves the development of new processes and products, as well as the modification of existing processes and products.
- Food science: Food science is the scientific study of the chemical, physical, and biological properties of foods and the principles underlying food processing. It involves the study of food composition and nutrition, food safety, food technology, and food quality.
In summary, Food commodity is a branch of commodity science dealing with the entirety of knowledge regarding food commodities. It involves the application of principles and technologies related to food safety, economics, engineering, and science in order to ensure the quality and safety of food products.
| Food commodity — recommended articles |
| HACCP system — Seven principles of HACCP — Critical limit — Types of packaging — Reverse distribution — Direct material — Types of supply — Designed quality — Trade effluent |
References
- Trostle, R. (2010). Global agricultural supply and demand: factors contributing to the recent increase in food commodity prices (rev. Diane Publishing.
- Piesse, J., & Thirtle, C. (2009). Three bubbles and a panic: An explanatory review of recent food commodity price events. Food policy, 34(2), 119-129.
- Blanciforti, L., & Green, R. (1983). An almost ideal demand system incorporating habits: an analysis of expenditures on food and aggregate commodity groups. The Review of Economics and Statistics, 511-515.
