General conditions: Difference between revisions

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{{infobox4
|list1=
<ul>
<li>[[Fixed term tenancy]]</li>
<li>[[Good faith bargaining]]</li>
<li>[[Lease Extension]]</li>
<li>[[Subrogation clause]]</li>
<li>[[Institute cargo clauses]]</li>
<li>[[Indemnity clause]]</li>
<li>[[Duties of trustee]]</li>
<li>[[Exemption clause]]</li>
<li>[[Construction management contract]]</li>
</ul>
}}
'''General conditions''' is a document incorporated into an '''agreement'''. An agreement defines general terms understood as '''rights''' and '''duties''' of parties, while general conditions are defining these rights and duties in much more '''detailed''' way. The document is usually divided into '''articles'''. Each of article is describing relevant subject of an agreement
'''General conditions''' is a document incorporated into an '''agreement'''. An agreement defines general terms understood as '''rights''' and '''duties''' of parties, while general conditions are defining these rights and duties in much more '''detailed''' way. The document is usually divided into '''articles'''. Each of article is describing relevant subject of an agreement
<ref> Meyer D. (2003), p. 96</ref>.
<ref> Meyer D. (2003), p. 96</ref>.
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<ref> [[World Bank]] (1995), p. 1</ref>.
<ref> [[World Bank]] (1995), p. 1</ref>.


== General conditions in architecture, engineering and constructions ==
==General conditions in architecture, engineering and constructions==
For projects related to architecture, engineering and constructions general conditions are among '''legal''' '''conditions''' and '''supplementary''' '''conditions''' documents which explains deeply differentiations in the contact. Usually there are used standardized documents published by '''American''' '''Institute''' '''of''' '''Architects''' (AIA) or '''Engineers''' '''Joint''' '''Contract''' '''Documents''' '''Committee''' (EJCDC)
For projects related to architecture, engineering and constructions general conditions are among '''legal''' '''conditions''' and '''supplementary''' '''conditions''' documents which explains deeply differentiations in the contact. Usually there are used standardized documents published by '''American''' '''Institute''' '''of''' '''Architects''' (AIA) or '''Engineers''' '''Joint''' '''Contract''' '''Documents''' '''Committee''' (EJCDC)
<ref> Sweet J., Schneier M. M. (2008), p. 420 </ref>.  
<ref> Sweet J., Schneier M. M. (2008), p. 420 </ref>.  


== Examples of articles in general conditions ==
==Examples of articles in general conditions==
Meyer D. describes how general conditions should be defined in construction law. Below aspects should be included
Meyer D. describes how general conditions should be defined in construction law. Below aspects should be included
<ref> Meyer D. (2003), p. 96</ref>:
<ref> Meyer D. (2003), p. 96</ref>:
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# '''[[Insurance]]'''.
# '''[[Insurance]]'''.


== Conflicting general conditions ==
==Conflicting general conditions==
Principles of '''European''' '''Union''' law are defining three points regarding '''conflicting''' general conditions
Principles of '''European''' '''Union''' law are defining three points regarding '''conflicting''' general conditions
<ref> Hondius E. H., Kooten H. J. (2002), p. 122</ref>:
<ref> Hondius E. H., Kooten H. J. (2002), p. 122</ref>:
Line 63: Line 47:
<references />
<references />


== References ==
{{infobox5|list1={{i5link|a=[[Lease Extension]]}} &mdash; {{i5link|a=[[Executed agreement]]}} &mdash; {{i5link|a=[[Hamburg rules]]}} &mdash; {{i5link|a=[[Limitation of liability]]}} &mdash; {{i5link|a=[[Good faith bargaining]]}} &mdash; {{i5link|a=[[Termination for convenience]]}} &mdash; {{i5link|a=[[Exemption clause]]}} &mdash; {{i5link|a=[[Subrogation clause]]}} &mdash; {{i5link|a=[[Retention money]]}} }}
* EFG Bank AG (2017), [https://hk.efgbank.com/doc/jcr:954d69b2-13ec-4a7c-b8e7-edc3a8f2440f/lang:en/General%20Conditions%20and%20Risk%20Disclosure%20Statement_May%202017%20Ver%2012_New%20Logo.pdf   ''General Conditions and Risk Disclosure Statement''], Hong Kong  
 
* Hondius E. H., Kooten H. J. (2002), ''The Principles of European Contract Law and Dutch Law:A Commentary. Tom 1 z Perspectives on [[Company]] Law Series. Principles of European contract law. Tom 1 z Principles of European contract law: Kluwer Law International'', Kluwer Law International B.V
==References==
* International Federation of [[consulting]] engineers (2010), [https://www.ebrd.com/downloads/procurement/project/mdbgcv3unprotected.pdf   ''Conditions of Contract for construction dfor building and engineering works designed by the employer''], Multilateral [[Development bank|Development Bank]] Harmonised Edition
* EFG Bank AG (2017), [https://hk.efgbank.com/doc/jcr:954d69b2-13ec-4a7c-b8e7-edc3a8f2440f/lang:en/General%20Conditions%20and%20Risk%20Disclosure%20Statement_May%202017%20Ver%2012_New%20Logo.pdf ''General Conditions and Risk Disclosure Statement''], Hong Kong
* Lufthansa (2018), [https://www.lufthansa.com/content/dam/lh/documents/common/terms-and-conditions/terms-of-service/abb_05_2018_EN_EL_TR.pdf     ''Terms & Conditions - General Conditions of Carriage (Passenger and Baggage)''], Germany  
* Hondius E. H., Kooten H. J. (2002), ''The Principles of European Contract Law and Dutch Law:A Commentary. Tom 1 z Perspectives on [[Company]] Law Series. Principles of European contract law. Tom 1 z Principles of European contract law: Kluwer Law International'', Kluwer Law International B.V  
* Meyer D. (2003), ''Illinois Construction Law'', Aspen Publishers Online
* International Federation of [[consulting]] engineers (2010), [https://www.ebrd.com/downloads/procurement/project/mdbgcv3unprotected.pdf ''Conditions of Contract for construction dfor building and engineering works designed by the employer''], Multilateral [[Development bank|Development Bank]] Harmonised Edition  
* Lufthansa (2018), [https://www.lufthansa.com/content/dam/lh/documents/common/terms-and-conditions/terms-of-service/abb_05_2018_EN_EL_TR.pdf   ''Terms & Conditions - General Conditions of Carriage (Passenger and Baggage)''], Germany  
* Meyer D. (2003), ''Illinois Construction Law'', Aspen Publishers Online  
* Sweet J., Schneier M. M. (2008), ''Legal Aspects of Architecture, Engineering & the Construction [[Process]]'', Cengage Learning
* Sweet J., Schneier M. M. (2008), ''Legal Aspects of Architecture, Engineering & the Construction [[Process]]'', Cengage Learning
* World Bank (1995), ''General Conditions Applicable to Loan and Guarantee Agreements: For Single Currency Loans. International Bank for Reconstruction and development'', World Bank Publications
* World Bank (1995), ''General Conditions Applicable to Loan and Guarantee Agreements: For Single Currency Loans. International Bank for Reconstruction and development'', World Bank Publications

Latest revision as of 21:56, 17 November 2023

General conditions is a document incorporated into an agreement. An agreement defines general terms understood as rights and duties of parties, while general conditions are defining these rights and duties in much more detailed way. The document is usually divided into articles. Each of article is describing relevant subject of an agreement [1]. General conditions might be related to any kind of agreements and industries (architecture, engineering, constructions, banking, guarantees) [2].

General conditions in architecture, engineering and constructions

For projects related to architecture, engineering and constructions general conditions are among legal conditions and supplementary conditions documents which explains deeply differentiations in the contact. Usually there are used standardized documents published by American Institute of Architects (AIA) or Engineers Joint Contract Documents Committee (EJCDC) [3].

Examples of articles in general conditions

Meyer D. describes how general conditions should be defined in construction law. Below aspects should be included [4]:

  • General provisions (definitions and terminology),
  • Pointed other contract documents,
  • An agreement between owner and constructor,
  • All conditions (general, supplementary, other),
  • Drawings,
  • Specifications,
  • Addenda,
  • Modifications,
  • Other documents.

Sweet J. points below eleven subjects that usually are part of general conditions [5]:

  1. Scope of contract documents and ways of resolving conflicts,
  2. Roles and responsibilities of parties,
  3. Subcontractors,
  4. Timing,
  5. Payments,
  6. Risk protection,
  7. Changes,
  8. Corrections,
  9. Termination,
  10. Disputes,
  11. Insurance.

Conflicting general conditions

Principles of European Union law are defining three points regarding conflicting general conditions [6]:

  1. General,
  2. Contact existence,
  3. Contract content.

Author: Kinga Kutek

Footnotes

  1. ↑ Meyer D. (2003), p. 96
  2. ↑ World Bank (1995), p. 1
  3. ↑ Sweet J., Schneier M. M. (2008), p. 420
  4. ↑ Meyer D. (2003), p. 96
  5. ↑ Sweet J., Schneier M. M. (2008), p. 420
  6. ↑ Hondius E. H., Kooten H. J. (2002), p. 122


General conditions — recommended articles
Lease Extension — Executed agreement — Hamburg rules — Limitation of liability — Good faith bargaining — Termination for convenience — Exemption clause — Subrogation clause — Retention money

References

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