Bim in construction

Bim in construction
See also
Project management information system Information system development Software development process Integrated project delivery Management of complexity System approach to project management Availability of information Construction project Outsourcing project

BIM (Building Information Modeling) is an integrated process used in the construction industry to create a digital representation of the physical and functional characteristics of a building. BIM uses a 3D model-based approach to generate, manage and share data throughout the entire design, construction and operations process. It enables project stakeholders to better plan, design, construct and manage building and infrastructure projects. BIM also includes a range of tools, techniques and processes that support better decision-making and collaboration among project stakeholders. BIM enables users to view the building in 3D, simulate its performance in various scenarios, detect errors and omissions, and provide a better insight into construction processes, allowing for a more efficient workflow.

Example of BIM in construction

• A real life example of BIM in construction is the construction of the International Space Station, which was a collaborative effort between 15 different countries. BIM software was used to create a 3D model of the International Space Station, allowing the project managers to visualize the entire project and provide insight into how the various components would interact and integrate with one another. This allowed the project managers to identify potential conflicts and errors early in the process, saving time and money.
• Another example of BIM in construction is the construction of the Burj Khalifa, the tallest building in the world. The project managers used BIM software to create a highly detailed 3D model of the building, which included all the structural elements, elevators and utilities. With this model, they were able to detect errors and omissions, simulate the performance of the building in various scenarios and optimize the design of the building for better energy efficiency.
• A third example of BIM in construction is the construction of the London Crossrail, a new railway line in London, England. BIM software was used to create a 3D model of the entire project, from the rail lines and stations to the track and signaling systems. This enabled the project managers to identify potential conflicts and errors early, as well as optimize the design for better efficiency and performance.

Best practices of BIM in construction

1. Establish Clear Goals and Objectives: Establish clear goals and objectives that are measurable. This will ensure that everyone involved in the project is on the same page and that all stakeholders are aware of the project’s expectations.
2. Develop a BIM Execution Plan: Develop a comprehensive BIM Execution Plan (BEP) that outlines the BIM objectives, processes and workflows, roles and responsibilities, and software requirements for the project.
3. Ensure Data Quality: Ensure that all data is accurate, consistent, and up-to-date. This includes the quality, accuracy, and integrity of data used for the project.
4. Develop a Data Management Plan: Develop a data management plan that outlines how data will be stored, exchanged, and managed throughout the project. This should include procedures for backup, archiving, and security.
5. Use Standardized File Formats: Use standardized file formats to ensure that all stakeholders can access and use the data. This will also help ensure that the data remains consistent throughout the project.
6. Establish an Effective Collaboration Platform: Establish an effective collaboration platform that allows all stakeholders to communicate and collaborate on the project. This should include tools for task management, document sharing, and discussion forums.
7. Utilize Automation: Utilize appropriate automation tools to reduce time, effort, and cost in the design and construction processes.
8. Monitor, Track, and Analyze Project Performance: Monitor, track, and analyze project performance to identify potential issues, risks, and areas for improvement.
9. Use BIM for Continuous Improvement: Use BIM to create a continuous learning environment that supports the development of innovative building designs and construction techniques.

When to use BIM in construction

BIM is a powerful tool for the construction industry to create and manage digital representations of physical and functional characteristics of a building. It can be used in a variety of applications, including:

• Pre-construction planning: BIM can be used to develop an accurate design model, visualize the building virtually and simulate construction processes. This helps to identify potential problems, reduce construction time and costs, and ensure the project is completed on schedule.
• Construction management: BIM can be used to track progress and manage resources, helping to keep projects on schedule and within budget.
• Facility management: BIM can be used to manage and maintain the building over its lifetime, helping to identify potential problems and improve operational efficiency.
• Digital documentation: BIM can be used to create detailed documentation of the building, including plans, drawings, and specifications. This helps to streamline the design process and ensure accuracy.

Types of BIM in construction

BIM (Building Information Modeling) is a powerful tool used in the construction industry to create a digital representation of the physical and functional characteristics of a building. There are several types of BIM that are used for different purposes in the construction process:

• Architectural BIM: This type of BIM is used to create 3D models of the building, capture and store information about the building's components, and provide drawings and specifications to the design team.
• Structural BIM: This type of BIM is used to create 3D models of the building structure, including columns, walls, beams, and foundations. It also captures and stores information about the building's structural components and provides detailed drawings and specifications to the design team.
• Mechanical BIM: This type of BIM is used to create 3D models of the building's mechanical systems, including HVAC, plumbing, and electrical systems. It also captures and stores information about the building's mechanical components and provides detailed drawings and specifications to the design team.
• Cost Estimating BIM: This type of BIM is used to create 3D models of the building and its components in order to give an accurate estimate of the cost of the building. It also captures and stores information about the building's cost components and provides detailed estimates to the design team.
• Construction BIM: This type of BIM is used to create 3D models of the building and its components in order to facilitate the construction process. It also captures and stores information about the construction process and provides detailed drawings and specifications to the construction team.

Advantages of BIM in construction

BIM (Building Information Modeling) has proven to be a powerful tool for the construction industry, providing a range of advantages in planning, designing, constructing and managing building and infrastructure projects. The following are some of the key advantages of using BIM in construction:

• Improved Collaboration - BIM allows for better collaboration between project stakeholders, enabling faster decision-making and better coordination among various teams. It also allows for better communication between the design, construction, and operations teams, resulting in improved efficiency and cost savings.
• Increased Efficiency - BIM eliminates the need for multiple drawings and paper-based processes, resulting in significant time and cost savings. It enables users to access data quickly and to make decisions quickly, significantly reducing project time and costs.
• More Accurate Design - BIM allows for more accurate design and construction, as it enables users to detect errors and omissions in the design much earlier in the process. This results in fewer mistakes, reduced re-work and cost savings.
• Improved Quality - BIM enables users to simulate building performance in various scenarios, allowing for better evaluation of design solutions and improved quality control. This helps to ensure that the final product meets the desired specifications and is built to a high standard.
• Reduced Risk - BIM eliminates the risks associated with manual drawings and processes, allowing for more accurate data and better planning. This reduces the risk of unexpected costs and delays, resulting in a more successful project.

Limitations of BIM in construction

Despite its many advantages, BIM does have some limitations in construction. These include:

• High Cost of Implementation: Implementing BIM can be quite expensive and requires substantial training for personnel.
• Difficulty in Integrating with Existing Systems: Existing systems may not be easily compatible with BIM, which may lead to problems with data compatibility and integration.
• Time Constraints: The time required to produce a BIM model can be significant, and it may take several months for a team to become proficient in the process.
• Lack of Standardization: There is currently no universal standard for BIM, which may lead to issues with compatibility and portability when transferring data between different platforms.
• Risk of Error: BIM models are complex, and mistakes can occur, leading to costly project delays.

Other approaches related to BIM in construction

In addition to BIM, there are several other approaches related to the construction industry that can help improve the efficiency and accuracy of the workflow. These include:

• Lean Construction: Lean Construction is an approach to construction that emphasizes the elimination of waste and optimization of resources to deliver high-quality projects on time and within budget.
• Additive Manufacturing: Additive Manufacturing is a technique used to create three-dimensional objects from a digital file. This process involves building up layers of material to create the desired shape.
• Prefabrication: Prefabrication involves constructing components of a building off-site and then assembling them on-site. This approach can help reduce construction costs and speed up the construction process.
• Agile Construction: Agile Construction is an approach to construction that emphasizes flexibility and the ability to quickly respond to changes in the project. This approach allows for rapid course corrections and helps ensure that the project stays on track.
• Green Building: Green Building is an approach to construction that emphasizes the use of sustainable materials, energy-efficient design, and other environmentally friendly practices.

In summary, there are a variety of approaches related to construction that can help improve the efficiency and accuracy of the workflow. BIM is one such approach that can help project stakeholders better plan, design, construct, and manage building and infrastructure projects. Other approaches include Lean Construction, Additive Manufacturing, Prefabrication, Agile Construction, and Green Building.

Suggested literature

• Chen, L., & Luo, H. (2014). A BIM-based construction quality management model and its applications. Automation in construction, 46, 64-73.
• Clevenger, C. M., Ozbek, M., Glick, S., & Porter, D. (2010, February). Integrating Bim into construction management education. In EcoBuild Proceedings of the BIM-Related Academic Workshop (Vol. 8, pp. 1-8).