Technology transfer: Difference between revisions
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'''[[Technology]] transfer''' refers to the [[process]] of transferring technology, [[knowledge]], skills, or equipment from one [[organization]] or individual to another. This can be done through licensing agreements, joint ventures, or the sale of technology. Technology transfer is often used to bring new products or services to [[market]], to improve the [[efficiency]] or effectiveness of an existing [[product]] or [[service]], or to transfer knowledge or skills to a different [[industry]] or market. | '''[[Technology]] transfer''' refers to the [[process]] of transferring technology, [[knowledge]], skills, or equipment from one [[organization]] or individual to another. This can be done through licensing agreements, joint ventures, or the sale of technology. Technology transfer is often used to bring new products or services to [[market]], to improve the [[efficiency]] or effectiveness of an existing [[product]] or [[service]], or to transfer knowledge or skills to a different [[industry]] or market. | ||
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* A large corporation transferring manufacturing technology to a smaller company in order to increase [[production capacity]]. | * A large corporation transferring manufacturing technology to a smaller company in order to increase [[production capacity]]. | ||
* A software company licensing its software technology to another company for use in their products. | * A software company licensing its software technology to another company for use in their products. | ||
* A company provides [[training]] to another company's [[employee]] to transfer knowledge and skills. | * A company provides [[training]] to another company's [[employee]] to transfer [[knowledge and skills]]. | ||
Technology transfer can also happen through collaborations between different countries, for example, a developed country transferring technology to a developing country. | Technology transfer can also happen through collaborations between different countries, for example, a developed country transferring technology to a developing country. | ||
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==Technology transfer process== | ==Technology transfer process== | ||
The technology transfer process typically includes several steps: | The technology transfer process typically includes several steps: | ||
* [[Identification]]: The first step is to identify the technology that will be transferred and the potential recipients of the technology. | * '''[[Identification]]''': The first step is to identify the technology that will be transferred and the potential recipients of the technology. | ||
* [[Evaluation]]: The next step is to evaluate the technology to determine its potential value, [[potential market]], and any legal or regulatory issues that may [[need]] to be addressed. | * '''[[Evaluation]]''': The next step is to evaluate the technology to determine its potential value, [[potential market]], and any legal or regulatory issues that may [[need]] to be addressed. | ||
* [[Negotiation]]: Once the technology has been evaluated, negotiations will begin between the parties involved to determine the terms of the transfer, such as the rights to the technology, royalties, and any other conditions of the transfer. | * '''[[Negotiation]]''': Once the technology has been evaluated, negotiations will begin between the parties involved to determine the terms of the transfer, such as the rights to the technology, royalties, and any other conditions of the transfer. | ||
* Agreement: After the negotiations are complete, a formal agreement will be drawn up and signed outlining the terms of the technology transfer. | * '''Agreement''': After the negotiations are complete, a formal agreement will be drawn up and signed outlining the terms of the technology transfer. | ||
* Implementation: After the agreement has been signed, the technology is transferred and implemented by the recipient. This may involve training, installation, and any necessary support to ensure that the technology is used effectively. | * '''Implementation''': After the agreement has been signed, the technology is transferred and implemented by the recipient. This may involve training, installation, and any necessary support to ensure that the technology is used effectively. | ||
* Monitoring and review: The final step is to monitor and review the effectiveness of the technology transfer, and to make any necessary adjustments or improvements. | * '''Monitoring and review''': The final step is to monitor and review the effectiveness of the technology transfer, and to make any necessary adjustments or improvements. | ||
Please note that the process may vary depending on the type of technology, the parties involved and the jurisdiction. | Please note that the process may vary depending on the type of technology, the parties involved and the jurisdiction. | ||
{{infobox5|list1={{i5link|a=[[Research and development costs]]}} — {{i5link|a=[[Organizational costs]]}} — {{i5link|a=[[Know-how]]}} — {{i5link|a=[[Gap in knowledge]]}} — {{i5link|a=[[Market entry modes]]}} — {{i5link|a=[[Intellectual property protection]]}} — {{i5link|a=[[Export management]]}} — {{i5link|a=[[Government procurement]]}} — {{i5link|a=[[Technology research]]}} }} | |||
==References== | ==References== | ||
* Pererva, P. G., Kocziszky, G., Szakaly, D., & Somosi Veres, M. (2012). ''[http://repository.kpi.kharkov.ua/bitstream/KhPI-Press/39647/1/Book_2012_Pererva_Technology_transfer.pdf Technology transfer]''. National Technical University" Kharkiv Polytechnic Institute". | * Pererva, P. G., Kocziszky, G., Szakaly, D., & Somosi Veres, M. (2012). ''[http://repository.kpi.kharkov.ua/bitstream/KhPI-Press/39647/1/Book_2012_Pererva_Technology_transfer.pdf Technology transfer]''. National Technical University" Kharkiv Polytechnic Institute". | ||
* Reddy, N. M., & Zhao, L. (1990). ''[https://tarjomefa.com/wp-content/uploads/2019/11/F1573-TarjomeFa-English.pdf International technology transfer: A review]''. Research policy, 19(4), 285-307. | * Reddy, N. M., & Zhao, L. (1990). ''[https://tarjomefa.com/wp-content/uploads/2019/11/F1573-TarjomeFa-English.pdf International technology transfer: A review]''. Research policy, 19(4), 285-307. | ||
* Wahab, S. A., Rose, R. C., & Osman, S. I. W. (2012). '[https://www.researchgate.net/profile/Sazali-Abd-Wahab/publication/318015152_Defining_the_Concepts_of_Technology_and_Technology_Transfer_A_Literature_Analysis/links/545761ea0cf2bccc490f8210/Defining-the-Concepts-of-Technology-and-Technology-Transfer-A-Literature-Analysis.pdf Defining the concepts of technology and technology transfer: A literature analysis]''. International business research, 5(1), 61-71. | * Wahab, S. A., Rose, R. C., & Osman, S. I. W. (2012). '[https://www.researchgate.net/profile/Sazali-Abd-Wahab/publication/318015152_Defining_the_Concepts_of_Technology_and_Technology_Transfer_A_Literature_Analysis/links/545761ea0cf2bccc490f8210/Defining-the-Concepts-of-Technology-and-Technology-Transfer-A-Literature-Analysis.pdf Defining the concepts of technology and technology transfer: A literature analysis]''. [[International business research]], 5(1), 61-71. | ||
[[Category:Innovation]] | [[Category:Innovation]] | ||
Latest revision as of 05:47, 18 November 2023
Technology transfer refers to the process of transferring technology, knowledge, skills, or equipment from one organization or individual to another. This can be done through licensing agreements, joint ventures, or the sale of technology. Technology transfer is often used to bring new products or services to market, to improve the efficiency or effectiveness of an existing product or service, or to transfer knowledge or skills to a different industry or market.
Technology transfer examples
There are many examples of technology transfer in various industries. Some examples include:
- A university licensing a new technology it has developed to a manufacturing company.
- A government agency partnering with a private company to transfer technology related to renewable energy production.
- A medical research organization transferring a new diagnostic technique to a diagnostic equipment manufacturer.
- A large corporation transferring manufacturing technology to a smaller company in order to increase production capacity.
- A software company licensing its software technology to another company for use in their products.
- A company provides training to another company's employee to transfer knowledge and skills.
Technology transfer can also happen through collaborations between different countries, for example, a developed country transferring technology to a developing country.
Technology transfer process
The technology transfer process typically includes several steps:
- Identification: The first step is to identify the technology that will be transferred and the potential recipients of the technology.
- Evaluation: The next step is to evaluate the technology to determine its potential value, potential market, and any legal or regulatory issues that may need to be addressed.
- Negotiation: Once the technology has been evaluated, negotiations will begin between the parties involved to determine the terms of the transfer, such as the rights to the technology, royalties, and any other conditions of the transfer.
- Agreement: After the negotiations are complete, a formal agreement will be drawn up and signed outlining the terms of the technology transfer.
- Implementation: After the agreement has been signed, the technology is transferred and implemented by the recipient. This may involve training, installation, and any necessary support to ensure that the technology is used effectively.
- Monitoring and review: The final step is to monitor and review the effectiveness of the technology transfer, and to make any necessary adjustments or improvements.
Please note that the process may vary depending on the type of technology, the parties involved and the jurisdiction.
| Technology transfer — recommended articles |
| Research and development costs — Organizational costs — Know-how — Gap in knowledge — Market entry modes — Intellectual property protection — Export management — Government procurement — Technology research |
References
- Pererva, P. G., Kocziszky, G., Szakaly, D., & Somosi Veres, M. (2012). Technology transfer. National Technical University" Kharkiv Polytechnic Institute".
- Reddy, N. M., & Zhao, L. (1990). International technology transfer: A review. Research policy, 19(4), 285-307.
- Wahab, S. A., Rose, R. C., & Osman, S. I. W. (2012). 'Defining the concepts of technology and technology transfer: A literature analysis. International business research, 5(1), 61-71.
