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  • Sectoral analysis investigates [[competitive environment]] and evaluate attractiveness of the ==The scope of sectoral analysis==
    2 KB (344 words) - 06:08, 18 November 2023
  • ...ts, in order to find recurrent patterns useful in [[forecasting]] future [[market]] movements. ==Principles of technical analysis==
    4 KB (539 words) - 06:43, 18 November 2023
  • ...the [[company]], and in result, possible [[price]] movements. Fundamental analysis is generally used for long-term [[investments]]. ...s of statement of operations and analysis of statement of cash flows. This analysis provides analyst with list of current indicators and ratios, which can be u
    4 KB (533 words) - 22:52, 17 November 2023
  • ...nagers want to achieve within a specified time in the category of sales, [[market]] share, profitability, cash flow and liquidity, etc. It is also important ===Analysis of situation===
    3 KB (461 words) - 01:35, 18 November 2023
  • ...ng business|legal]], [[environmental]], social, etc. In contrast, internal analysis covers the following functional areas of business: finance, human resources Due to the complexity of the subject areas of analysis, an important task is to have integrated - general - look at the whole [[co
    8 KB (1,152 words) - 06:07, 18 November 2023
  • Economic profile of the sector is used in the analysis of the [[competitive environment]], which determines the conditions for all * Size of the [[market]] in units and annual income from the sale,
    3 KB (390 words) - 21:37, 17 November 2023
  • ...p organizations to find the most profitable customers (''ACCA P3. Business Analysis'' 2012, p. 79). ...indicate which clients offer or gives most [[profit]] (''ACCA P3. Business Analysis'' 2012, p. 79):
    5 KB (773 words) - 20:34, 17 November 2023
  • ...ecision by considering various possible scenarios. The purpose of scenario analysis is to help decision makers understand the potential consequences of their d Scenario analysis involves creating different scenarios based on a variety of assumptions and
    8 KB (1,245 words) - 10:11, 18 November 2023
  • ...ures]], and forex, and is often used in combination with other [[technical analysis]] tools. ==Applications of market profile==
    6 KB (999 words) - 01:32, 18 November 2023
  • ...erns, trends, and relationships between variables. Descriptive statistical analysis involves utilizing various [[statistical methods]] such as central tendenci ==Example of descriptive statistical analysis==
    5 KB (756 words) - 21:00, 17 November 2023
  • ...ysis is also known as '''portfolio analysis''' or '''[[product]] portfolio analysis'''<ref>Gupta C.B. 2014, p. 202</ref>. ...ategic management]], it was introduced during the 1960s. Several portfolio analysis techniques have been developed since then. One of the best known is the [[B
    8 KB (1,151 words) - 18:45, 17 November 2023
  • ...[[bond]] or the [[consumer]] [[price]] index, can also be used to measure market performance. ...h looks at the underlying value of the market, can also be used to measure market performance.
    9 KB (1,385 words) - 01:31, 18 November 2023
  • ...e management]], [[information]] systems, and so on. Most common [[internal analysis]] methods are: * [[SWOT analysis]]
    9 KB (1,295 words) - 00:09, 18 November 2023
  • ...both theoretical and empirical sides for a long time because the empirical analysis of [[consumer]] behavior and the [[theory of consumer]] [[behavior]] has al "'''[[Demand]] analysis''' is a small subset of Econometrics, referring largely to the study of com
    5 KB (643 words) - 20:55, 17 November 2023
  • ...the best course of [[action]] for successful project completion. [[Project analysis]] involves researching, identifying, and understanding the impact of differ ==Example of analysis of project==
    9 KB (1,258 words) - 17:39, 17 November 2023
  • ...nd then weighing them up to decide whether to proceed with the change. The analysis helps to identify the forces that are supporting the change and those that To make a force field analysis, the following steps should be taken:
    9 KB (1,354 words) - 22:37, 17 November 2023
  • ...information]] regarding stock [[market]] that is released after that stock market has closed for the day. ==After the bell in stock market==
    7 KB (1,071 words) - 17:30, 17 November 2023
  • ...etitiveness]] of company's resources and existing [[market]] position. The analysis is thus reduced to two issues: * analysis of the [[market environment]] ([[competitive environment]], development trends),
    11 KB (1,561 words) - 17:13, 17 November 2023
  • ...stock market, the level of economic growth, and the rate of [[inflation]]. Market conditions can also be affected by political, [[environmental]], and social ...to be in a bull market, and when stock prices are falling, it is in a bear market. Rising stock prices are generally accompanied by increased economic growth
    8 KB (1,228 words) - 01:27, 18 November 2023
  • ...pportunities, and draw more meaningful conclusions. For managers, post hoc analysis can be used to gain a better understanding of the results of their experime ==Example of post hoc analysis==
    8 KB (1,273 words) - 03:19, 18 November 2023
  • ...l costs and benefits to determine whether the action is worth taking. This analysis considers the incremental changes between two scenarios and helps decision ==Example of incremental analysis==
    8 KB (1,127 words) - 23:42, 17 November 2023
  • ...stinct from [[systematic risk]], which is the risk that affects the entire market and cannot be diversified away. ...ect the performance of a specific company or industry, but not the broader market.
    4 KB (514 words) - 07:32, 18 November 2023
  • * [[Strategic analysis]] of the [[environment]], [[competition]] and factors shaping the business * Selection of [[strategic goals|purpose]] and [[market]] [[strategy]]
    4 KB (481 words) - 06:13, 18 November 2023
  • ...t the market is expanding, while a negative growth rate indicates that the market is contracting. ==Applications of market growth rate==
    3 KB (505 words) - 01:29, 18 November 2023
  • ...xamination of the property’s condition, [[quality]] of construction, and [[market]] trends. ...ue''': The appraiser then estimates the value of the property based on the analysis of the data.
    8 KB (1,173 words) - 04:06, 18 November 2023
  • ...d [[strategy]], to withdraw from realizing it or adopt entirely new. ASTRA analysis is mainly used by the top [[management]] of the [[organization]]. It allows # Analysis of [[competitive environment]]
    9 KB (1,296 words) - 17:06, 17 November 2023
  • '''Sales analysis''' is a [[process]] of analyzing [[information]] on sales of products manuf ==The role of sales analysis==
    6 KB (903 words) - 05:07, 18 November 2023
  • ...rom sales potential, a company [[needs]] to determine whether to enter a [[market]] or not. That is why the results of sales potential are so important for a ...asting]] the sales. Those are - growing or shrinking by certain percentage market share, location advantages, need of increasing sales force, increase in pro
    6 KB (867 words) - 05:09, 18 November 2023
  • * There are relatively few suppliers in the market, reducing the ability of the business to switch from one supply source to a ==The importance of analysis of supply and demand==
    5 KB (783 words) - 21:35, 17 November 2023
  • ...ble risk]], is the risk of an [[investment]] that is associated with the [[market]] as a whole. Beta risk is the risk that cannot be eliminated by diversifyi ...ysis because it is a measure of how much an individual asset is exposed to market risk. By understanding the Beta of an asset, investors can make better info
    8 KB (1,311 words) - 18:19, 17 November 2023
  • * '''Comparative [[market]] analysis''': The appraiser compares the property being appraised to other similar pr ...BV). The Market Value Estimate is the appraised value of the property. The Market Value Factor is the ratio of the comparable sales [[price]] to the appraise
    8 KB (1,159 words) - 04:03, 18 November 2023
  • ...or [[benchmark]] to determine how well it meets the criteria. Comparative analysis can be used to make decisions on which item to purchase, which will be more For example, a business might use comparative analysis to compare the features of two potential software solutions for their [[nee
    10 KB (1,472 words) - 19:33, 17 November 2023
  • ...comparison, correction of average prices and statistical analysis of the [[market]]: ...t least three similar properties that have already been on the real estate market, whether bought or sold;
    5 KB (764 words) - 04:04, 18 November 2023
  • .... It is important to stress that this should be an objective assessment of market attractiveness using data external to the [[organization]]. The criteria th ...the matrix becomes meaningless, Scores, however, will be specific to each market.
    9 KB (1,338 words) - 01:26, 18 November 2023
  • ...om 0 to infinity and beyond, and is used to gauge the overall sentiment of market participants. Generally, if the ratio is high, it suggests that investors a Put-call ratio can be used to identify potential turning points in the market, and also to gauge the overall investor sentiment. When the ratio is high,
    9 KB (1,528 words) - 04:11, 18 November 2023
  • ...Dwivedi, M. Shareef, S. K. Pandey, V. Kumar 2013, p.2). In other words, '''market demand''' is a total demand for a particular good or [[service]], that is t ==Types of market demand==
    4 KB (709 words) - 01:27, 18 November 2023
  • ...on]] of all products or [[service]] groups offered by [[company]] on the [[market]]. ...nomical influence might slip in and change the course of whole prosperity, market's level etc. Such examples as huge fire of acres of forest, devastating dro
    9 KB (1,361 words) - 22:51, 17 November 2023
  • * product line [[planning]]: analysis of the existing [[product portfolio]], ...et]], [[identification]] of users' [[needs]] and the attractiveness of the market,
    3 KB (437 words) - 01:54, 18 November 2023
  • ...opriate use of market opportunities is possible by adopting an appropriate market [[strategy]], other than that of competitors (K. Banga, V. Mahajan, 2005, p ...considered the most '''fundamental decision'''. The choice of alternative market opportunities is also considered to be a good solution in this situation (M
    10 KB (1,490 words) - 01:31, 18 November 2023
  • * '''Comparable [[company]] analysis (also known as "multiples analysis")''': This method involves comparing a company's financial metrics (such as * '''Discounted cash flow (DCF) analysis''': This method involves estimating the future cash flows a company will ge
    4 KB (585 words) - 07:34, 18 November 2023
  • ...ucts. It forces managers to make in-depth economic analysis, analysis of [[market]] issues and sales, development of the [[product]] and a sound [[investment ...ralization allows for better adaptation to local [[needs]] in a changing [[market]] [[environment]]. Effective use requires that the following conditions are
    3 KB (428 words) - 20:47, 17 November 2023
  • ...nalysis''', '''PESTLE analysis''' and '''PESTEL analysis'''. In '''PESTLED analysis''' additional '''D'''emographic factor is added. ==Main factors of STEEPLE analysis==
    9 KB (1,235 words) - 03:07, 18 November 2023
  • ...T analysis]] and [[TOWS analysis]], it requires also inputs from [[STEEPLE analysis]]<ref>Cavusgil, S. T., 2004, pp. 607-617</ref><ref>Gruber, M., 2008, pp. 16 * market changes
    10 KB (1,417 words) - 02:39, 18 November 2023
  • ...y matrix''' (other names: '''matrix of [[product]] attractiveness''', '''[[market]] attractiveness matrix''', '''GE matrix''') dates back to the seventies. I The [[method]] is also called '''McKinsey nine-field analysis''' ('''9W analysis''') of the company's [[production]] portfolio. This matrix consists of two
    6 KB (901 words) - 01:41, 18 November 2023
  • ...and thus also referred not to the rotation, but the net results (profits). Market segmentation is the basis for the selection of target markets ..., precede the selection of target markets. To experiment involves the same market and the application of different [[marketing]] tools and activities, such a
    3 KB (405 words) - 06:38, 18 November 2023
  • '''Analysis of preferences''' is a research approach consisting in classifying objects The basic methods of analysis of preferences in [[strategic management]] include ranking and scoring.
    8 KB (1,218 words) - 17:39, 17 November 2023
  • ...more expensive than passive management due to the additional research and analysis required. ...ize on this conviction by overweighting or underweighting that security or market.
    5 KB (721 words) - 17:19, 17 November 2023
  • ...] future trends or identifying [[customer]] preferences. Multivariate data analysis can help managers make more informed decisions, as it allows them to analyz ==Example of multivariate data analysis==
    11 KB (1,677 words) - 02:05, 18 November 2023
  • ...novate and differentiate its products to remain competitive in a crowded [[market]]. ...or]]}} &mdash; {{i5link|a=[[PEST analysis]]}} &mdash; {{i5link|a=[[STEEPLE analysis]]}} }}
    3 KB (423 words) - 21:54, 17 November 2023
  • ...preparing specific strategies for every group according to its [[relative market share]] and actual or projected sales growth rate. It can be also used to m '''Portfolio analysis''' in [[strategic management]] allows to answer key questions how to shape
    9 KB (1,372 words) - 06:15, 18 November 2023
  • Du Pont Analysis is a comprehensive [[evaluation]] [[method]] based on the profitability pre The Du Pont method has been used in financial analysis for the first time in 1919It was created by chief financial officer of Du P
    6 KB (997 words) - 21:28, 17 November 2023
  • ...views, reports and observations, to identify relationships and trends. The analysis of information helps to identify emerging opportunities and potential risks ==Example of analysis of information==
    9 KB (1,346 words) - 17:39, 17 November 2023
  • ...d other organisations. It provides guidance on the definition, collection, analysis and use of data on innovation and its effects. The Oslo Manual includes def ...ce, such as [[research and development]] expenditure, innovation output, [[market]] share and [[customer]] satisfaction.
    7 KB (948 words) - 02:48, 18 November 2023
  • ...hich can also be referred to as '''financial statement''' or '''accounting analysis''', "defines current state of a business, sub-business, [[company]] or [[pr ==Purpose of analysis==
    5 KB (744 words) - 03:04, 18 November 2023
  • ...]] share. In this situation, it is considered appropriate to use portfolio analysis methods. ...encourage managers to take [[action]] adjusted to the requirements of the market, as well as to cope with the competition.
    8 KB (1,221 words) - 06:45, 18 November 2023
  • '''Feasibility analysis''' is an analysis of a [[project]] which supports [[process]] of decision-making by scrutinou '''Feasibility analysis''' is not a strict methodology and is not normative. Rather, it is a broad
    9 KB (1,288 words) - 22:23, 17 November 2023
  • ...s about when to buy and sell individual stocks. The performance of a stock market is also a good indicator of the overall economic health of a country or reg ==Example of stock market performance==
    10 KB (1,607 words) - 06:05, 18 November 2023
  • '''Fit gap analysis''' is a [[method]] used by businesses to compare their current business pro ==Example of fit gap analysis==
    9 KB (1,405 words) - 22:31, 17 November 2023
  • ...correct them. Technical corrections are used as a way to ensure that the [[market]] price of a financial instrument is accurate and reflective of its true va ...intrinsic value. For example, if a stock had been trading at $150, but the analysis of past trading patterns and price movements indicated that its true value
    8 KB (1,206 words) - 06:44, 18 November 2023
  • Analysis of the key success factors is the [[method]] used to analyze the resources ...n 6. The most common items highlighted by analysts, are: position in the [[market]], the level of [[organization]] of the company, profitability, share of [[
    8 KB (1,266 words) - 00:31, 18 November 2023
  • ...market cap. Ability to '''predict the future''' provided by use of book-to-market ratio can be used to making '''relevant decision''' and show whole estimati ==The meaning of Book-to-market-ratio==
    4 KB (630 words) - 18:26, 17 November 2023
  • ...f research participation and the [[competitiveness]] of companies in the [[market]]. ...competitor]] with a vertical axis at the point equal to half the span of [[market dynamics]]. This creates four quadrants of the chart, called the "star", "q
    9 KB (1,353 words) - 01:48, 18 November 2023
  • ...market or on the market, it is order, description, [[need]] or decision of market participant. ...t of information associated with those variables in order to take rational market decisions in conditions of insecurity, connected with marketing [[managemen
    6 KB (900 words) - 01:30, 18 November 2023
  • ...ows down for bigger accumulation/distribution<ref>Murphy J., ''[[Technical analysis]] of the financial markets'', 1999, p. 99-101</ref>. ...ide to Technical Analysis'', 2016, p. 503</ref><ref>Murphy J., ''Technical analysis of the financial markets'', 1999, p. 103-117</ref>:
    8 KB (1,237 words) - 03:26, 18 November 2023
  • ...line ratio) is an indicator of the degree to which securities perform in [[market]] movement. ...is indicator achieves severe values ​​at a certain level, the direction of market prices is expected to reverse (G. Yioryalis 2004, p. 57).
    4 KB (708 words) - 20:49, 17 November 2023
  • ...Group, is the [[process]] of gathering, exploring, interpretation and data analysis, leading to enhancing and rationalization of [[decision making]] processes. ...nline analytical processing) tools: software enabling the multidimensional analysis of business [[information]] through integration, aggregation and visualizat
    3 KB (398 words) - 18:39, 17 November 2023
  • ...ystem]] there is uncertainty, it is therefore necessary to make a detailed analysis of the impact of potential decisions on the financial results of [[manageme ...omic criteria. This means focusing on financial planning, because the free market's value growth depends on positive financial results of companies operating
    3 KB (478 words) - 22:28, 17 November 2023
  • ...most popular and simple [[method]] for [[strategic management|strategic]] analysis of [[organization]]’s [[far environment|macro environment]] containing fo ==PEST analysis factors==
    10 KB (1,403 words) - 02:54, 18 November 2023
  • ==Break even analysis== ...ratio]]}} &mdash; {{i5link|a=[[Market value added]]}} &mdash; {{i5link|a=[[Market demand]]}} }}
    4 KB (665 words) - 18:32, 17 November 2023
  • ...bility of an enterprise to compete and to be resistant for others on the [[market]]. ...five different [[market]] forces, regarding which one has to analyse its [[market]] situation when trying to determine its competitiveness. They are the foll
    3 KB (419 words) - 19:38, 17 November 2023
  • ...luable insights into customer [[behavior]] and preferences. Quantitative [[market research]] is typically conducted through surveys, focus groups, experiment Quantitative market research is a powerful tool for gathering data that can be used to gain val
    10 KB (1,428 words) - 04:24, 18 November 2023
  • ...satisfied by using only one set of [[marketing mix]] activities. General [[market]] consists of buyers with essentially similar [[needs]] and sellers who pro ...epresented by the ''average buyer'' with similar requirements as needed. [[Market]] is a relatively homogeneous whole. As a result, the enterprises applying
    3 KB (510 words) - 22:55, 17 November 2023
  • ...petitors, [[customer]] preferences, and trends to understand the current [[market conditions]]. ...Defining Objectives''': Set sales goals such as sales volume, revenue, and market share.
    7 KB (1,053 words) - 05:09, 18 November 2023
  • ...n the market<ref>Scallan P. (2003), p.35</ref>. In other words, gap in the market is opportunity to develop new objectives and promote them<ref>Ellis K., Kea ==Working towards gap in the market==
    9 KB (1,333 words) - 22:55, 17 November 2023
  • ...s to reduce weaknesses, while maximizing strong sides of the company. SWOT Analysis can also be used when it comes to accomplishing a specific goal in non-[[pr ==Results of SWOT analysis==
    8 KB (1,207 words) - 23:38, 17 November 2023
  • ...on a set of assumption inform about upper bound to actual sales. Potential market the first and key point to consider entering a new markets. ==Estimating Market Potential==
    9 KB (1,441 words) - 03:19, 18 November 2023
  • The '''make-or-buy analysis''' is an analysis in which we determine the costs and risks associated with the [[production] Genesis of make-or-buy analysis
    6 KB (897 words) - 01:13, 18 November 2023
  • '''ADL matrix''' is a portfolio analysis technique. It was created in the seventies at [[consulting]] [[firm]] Arthu ...l units within company beyond its competitors and achievement of leading [[market position]]. These are mostly products in the mature and declining sectors.
    6 KB (926 words) - 17:05, 17 November 2023
  • ...fluctuations or to an underlying issue that [[needs]] to be addressed. The analysis can help managers determine the best [[action]] to take to achieve the desi ...roduction]] output is lower than expected. They can use cause of variation analysis to identify the potential causes of the lower output, such as an increase i
    5 KB (743 words) - 19:06, 17 November 2023
  • ...of [[external environment]] of the [[organization]]. It is based on [[PEST analysis]] method, with addition of additional '''E'''nvironmental factor. [[Externa ==Main factors of STEEP analysis==
    10 KB (1,409 words) - 05:05, 18 November 2023
  • ...omotion, placement) instruments determines its competitive position in the market. It is also strongly affected by reputation, [[financial performance]], pro ...selective strategy, which is to focus on a limited number of segments and market niches.
    13 KB (1,874 words) - 19:37, 17 November 2023
  • ==Trend analysis== Trend analysis allows to determine the [[behavior]] of the trend line in a given period of
    7 KB (1,009 words) - 07:10, 18 November 2023
  • ...les volume should be compared with an ex-post estimate that reflects the [[market]] conditions prevailing during the period<ref>C.M. Drury 2013, p.565</ref> ==Profit Variance Analysis for a single product==
    8 KB (1,305 words) - 05:10, 18 November 2023
  • ...associated with implementing the proposed solution. It provides a detailed analysis of the costs, benefits, and risks of a project, in addition to the justific ...g]]. It also outlines the expected benefits, such as increased revenue and market share. The business case also assesses the potential risks associated with
    8 KB (1,246 words) - 03:52, 18 November 2023
  • ...]] [[bonds]] that are not traded frequently and do not have a observable [[market]] price. It is also used to determine the spread that a bond issuer would h ...ation of bonds that are not traded frequently and do not have a observable market price. Here are some situations when Z-spread is used:
    6 KB (932 words) - 07:57, 18 November 2023
  • ...ffset losses in another, can help to reduce [[risk]] and protect against [[market]] volatility. ...cy pairs are the most widely traded and liquid currency pairs in the forex market. These pairs typically involve the US dollar and one of the other major cur
    9 KB (1,383 words) - 20:33, 17 November 2023
  • ...y did not go hand in hand with statistical market assumptions. The capital market has a very complex internal structure. We [[need]] certain results, justifi ==Efficient capital market==
    9 KB (1,403 words) - 18:56, 17 November 2023
  • ==Competitive Analysis== The purpose of the analysis of the competitive environment is:
    9 KB (1,304 words) - 19:36, 17 November 2023
  • ...er versions of it that can be found, of course, based on other [[technical analysis]] indicators. We will take care of its most popular version, that is Osma f MACD itself is one of the most popular, if not the most popular, [[technical analysis]] index in the world. It is used by [[Strategic investor|investors]] who de
    8 KB (1,378 words) - 02:49, 18 November 2023
  • '''Markov Analysis''' is a [[method]] that predicts the activity of a random variable, modelle ...ict the [[behaviour]] of gas particles trapped in a closed container. This analysis is also used to predict behaviour in groups of people. It is a method of [[
    8 KB (1,290 words) - 01:36, 18 November 2023
  • ...ctor. Sometimes segments could be added to the circle, which reflect the [[market]] share of company in the sector. * Products D - despite the current difficulties can become market leaders or profitable producers
    8 KB (1,142 words) - 23:21, 17 November 2023
  • '''RRR = Risk-free rate + (Beta x ([[Market]] return - Risk-free rate))''' ...ity or [[systematic risk]] of the asset or project relative to the overall market
    4 KB (692 words) - 04:41, 18 November 2023
  • ...alysis is a phenomenon that provides valuable [[information]] on current [[market]] prices and enables the imposition of an appropriate margin or [[cost]] su ==Methods of conducting vendors analysis==
    9 KB (1,294 words) - 07:40, 18 November 2023
  • * Regression Analysis: Used to identify relationships between sales and other independent variabl * [[Cluster]] Analysis: Used to identify homogenous customer segments based on similarities in the
    8 KB (1,192 words) - 01:54, 18 November 2023
  • ...iewdoc/download?doi=10.1.1.199.7546&rep=rep1&type=pdf Intellectual capital analysis as a strategic tool]. [[Strategy]] & Leadership, 29(4), 21-26</ref>: * [[SWOT analysis]]
    12 KB (1,701 words) - 22:14, 17 November 2023
  • ...esponses given to a set of observed variables. It is a type of [[cluster]] analysis that assumes that the responses to observed variables can be explained by t ==Example of latent class analysis==
    10 KB (1,542 words) - 00:41, 18 November 2023
  • ...aimed at analyzing the "difficulties" of the market. In a very competitive market, where companies outdo each other in pursuit of a [[client]], margins are u * number of competitors on the [[market]],
    9 KB (1,259 words) - 17:17, 17 November 2023
  • ...ken, and it is often used in conjunction with other types of [[feasibility analysis]], such as technical feasibility and operational feasibility. ...venue from sales. They would also consider factors such as the size of the market for the new products, the level of [[competition]], and the target audience
    18 KB (2,610 words) - 21:36, 17 November 2023
  • ...is a [[continuous process]] that helps organizations adjust to changing [[market]] conditions and remain competitive. It also helps organizations develop lo ...imize the company’s chances of success. This could include researching the market, developing [[marketing]] plans and [[pricing strategies]], and deciding wh
    9 KB (1,315 words) - 06:09, 18 November 2023
  • '''Analysis of [[customer]]''' is common [[method]] used in [[marketing]] for acquiring ...lients and maximize [[customer value]]. To gain the needed information for analysis there are various methods:
    12 KB (1,628 words) - 17:39, 17 November 2023
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