Clamshell packaging

Clamshell packaging consists of a clear thermoformed sheet, usually hinged, with a top and bottom portion. The product is placed in the cavities formed by the sheet and the sheet is welded in place. Clamshell packaging has become a major form of packaging for retail goods, such as hardware goods, automotive parts and supplies, consumer goods, and household items. Due to their combination of transparency, durability and low cost, polyvinyl chloride (PCV) and PET are two common materials used in retail packaging. Typically, graphics are provided by inserting a paper card into the clamshell (B. A. Morris, 2016, p. 54).

These hard plastic containers are a necessity for many products - they provide protection and a simple display method, discourage shoplifting and can contain multiple pieces. Unfortunately, they can be as dull as they are practical. Furthermore, they can trigger a chintzy appearance of even a quality product (Fishel C., King Gordon S., 2007, p. 79).

Types of Retail Packaging

There are three main types of flexible packaging used for displaying goods in the retail environment:

• clamshell packaging,
• blister packaging,
• carded skin packaging.

Stand-up pouches have also grown in use in the retail sector.

Blister packaging is a form of retail packaging in which the product is placed in a plastic blister on top of a paperboard. There are four main components for blister packaging: a preformed plastic blister, a paperboard card, a heat seal coating, and printing inks.

In skin packaging the product serves as the mold over which a heated plastic film (skin) is draped. Vacuum is drawn through a porous board to pull the film against the product and board, adjust it to the product's shape and create a seal of heat (B. A. Morris, 2016, p. 54-55).

Comparison of Retail Packaging Types

Consumer products companies generally seek packages that meet the following requirements:

• transparent, so that the consumer can see the product,
• tamper evident or difficulty to pilfer (to reduce in-store loses to theft),
• easy to display (typically on a peg),
• ability to have graphics to inform the consumer about the benefits of the product.

Choosing between the package forms is not always a clear choice.

The advantages of clamshell packaging:

• transparency - the consumer is able to see the product,
• they are difficult to open - good for stopping in-store theft,
• perception of higher quality,
• they allow packaging multiple items in a single package.

The disadvantages are:

• higher material costs comparing to blister and skin packaging,
• they are taking up more retail space - typically bulky packages (B. A. Morris, 2016, p. 56-57).

Examples of Clamshell packaging

• Video Game Cases - One common example of clamshell packaging is video game cases. These cases are made of clear PVC or PET and contain a paper card insert with the graphics, logos, and information of the game. The disc is held in place in the center of the clamshell, while the sides of the case can be opened or closed depending on the user’s preference.
• Electronic Equipment Cases - Clamshell packaging is also commonly used for electronic equipment such as calculators, digital cameras, and remote controls. It is a great way to protect the components inside while allowing consumers to easily see the product inside. The cases can be opened or closed, and often include a paper card insert with graphics and branding.
• Toy Packaging - Clamshell packaging is also used for toys, especially small figurines and action figures. These packages are often made of clear PET and the product is usually held in place in the middle of the package. The sides of the package can be opened or closed, and the paper card insert typically contains the toy’s branding and graphics.
• Food Packaging - Clamshell packaging is also used for food packaging. It is most commonly used for pre-packaged fruits and vegetables, as it allows consumers to see the product inside while protecting it from contamination. Typically, the packaging is made of clear PET and includes a paper card insert with nutrition information and branding.

Advantages of Clamshell packaging

Clamshell packaging provides many advantages for retailers and consumers alike. Below is a list of the main advantages of using clamshell packaging:

• The clear thermoformed sheet provides a strong and durable barrier that protect the product from damage, theft, and tampering.
• The hinged design provides easy access to the product, allowing customers to view and inspect the product without opening the packaging.
• The transparent material also allows for easy visual inspection and identification of the product.
• Clamshell packaging is cost-effective and requires minimal assembly.
• Graphics can be printed directly on the packaging or inserted on a paper card, allowing for customization and branding.
• Clamshell packaging is lightweight and easy to store and transport.

Limitations of Clamshell packaging

Clamshell packaging is a popular form of retail packaging due to its combination of transparency, durability, and low cost. However, it has some limitations, including:

• The cost of the materials used to make clamshells is often higher than the cost of other forms of packaging, making it a more expensive option.
• Clamshells are not generally recyclable due to the materials used and their complex construction, making them difficult to break down and reuse.
• Clamshells can be difficult to open, which can be a source of frustration for consumers.
• Clamshell packaging can take up a lot of shelf space, making it difficult for retailers to maximize their space.
• Clamshell packaging can be difficult to design and manufacture, as the pieces must be cut precisely to ensure a good fit.

Other approaches related to Clamshell packaging

At the start of the answer one must introduce the list by stating that there are other approaches related to Clamshell packaging such as:

• Vacuum Forming: This is a process where a heated plastic sheet is stretched over a mold and a vacuum is applied to create a cavity, into which a product is placed. This is an economical and efficient way to create a packaging system that is protective and transparent.
• Blister Packaging: This involves forming a cavity in a plastic sheet and then heat sealing a paper card onto the sheet to form a package. This packaging is often used for consumer electronics, toys, and other small items.
• Thermoforming: This is similar to vacuum forming, but it does not involve the use of a vacuum. Instead, heated plastic is placed over a mold and then cooled to form a package.
• Skin Packaging: This involves forming a plastic sheet and sealing it onto a paper card to create a package. This packaging is often used for items that come in multiple pieces, such as tools and DIY kits.

In summary, there are various approaches related to Clamshell packaging, such as Vacuum Forming, Blister Packaging, Thermoforming, and Skin Packaging. Each of these approaches has its own advantages and disadvantages and is suitable for different types of products.

Clamshell packaging — recommended articles

Metal packaging — Closed loop recycling — Weep hole — Outdoor advertising — Secondary packaging — Types of packaging — Retail packaging — Break bulk cargo — Process layout

References

• Dunn T. (2014), Manufacturing Flexible Packaging: Materials, Machinery, And Techniques, William Andrew, New York
• Fishel C., King Gordon S. (2007), Little Book Of Big Packaging Ideas, Rockport Publishers, USA, p. 79
• Griffin R. C. (2012), Principles Of Package Development, Springer Science & Business Media, Germany
• Jedlicka W. (2015), Packaging Sustainability: Tools, Systems And Strategies For Innovative Package Design, John Wiley & Sons, USA
• Loewy (2009), Print + Production Finishes For CD + DVD Packaging, Rockport Publishers, USA
• Morris B. A. (2016), The Science And Technology Of Flexible Packaging: Multilayer Films From Resin And Process To End Use, William Andrew, New York, p. 54-57

Author: Elżbieta Woyke