Small business management

Small business management
See also
Critical success factors Adoption of innovations International marketing strategy Role of information Access to finance Market entry modes Objectives of the organization Functional strategy Revenue center

Small business management is the process of planning and organizing the resources, personnel and operations of a small business in order to achieve its goals and objectives. It includes managing finances, marketing, customer service, human resources, production and operations, and other activities. It requires effective communication and problem solving skills, as well as an understanding of the various legal and regulatory requirements that small businesses must adhere to. Small business management is a complex endeavor that requires an entrepreneur to be constantly vigilant and proactive in order to ensure the success of their business.

Example of small business management

• Developing and implementing an effective small business strategy. This involves establishing objectives, analyzing market conditions, planning and organizing resources, evaluating customer needs and competitive activities, and making decisions on how the business should move forward.
• Managing financial resources, including budgeting, forecasting, and analyzing performance. This involves managing cash flow, monitoring expenses, and developing strategies to improve profitability.
• Hiring and managing personnel, including recruiting, training, and developing employees. This involves creating job descriptions and evaluating job performance.
• Developing customer relationships and marketing strategies, including segmenting customers, developing customer loyalty, and creating promotional campaigns.
• Creating and managing operations and processes, including developing quality assurance measures, monitoring production, and ensuring customer satisfaction.
• Maintaining compliance with legal and regulatory requirements, including filing taxes and staying up to date with relevant laws.
• Managing technology, including implementing software and systems and developing data-driven solutions.

Types of small business management

Small business management encompasses a variety of activities and strategies to ensure a business is run efficiently and successfully. There are numerous types of small business management, including:

• Financial Management: This involves managing the financial aspects of a small business, such as budgeting, accounting, taxes, and cash flow.
• Marketing Management: This involves setting goals and strategies to reach customers and increase sales. It also involves developing a marketing plan, understanding consumer behavior, setting pricing, and creating promotional campaigns.
• Human Resources Management: This involves hiring and managing employees, setting policies and procedures, and ensuring a safe and productive work environment.
• Production and Operations Management: This involves managing the production of goods and services, ensuring quality control, and managing supply chains.
• Risk Management: This involves mitigating business risks, such as legal liabilities and financial losses. It also involves having an emergency plan in place in case of disasters or other unforeseen events.
• Technology Management: This involves selecting and managing technology resources, such as computer systems, software, and the Internet.

Steps of small business management

Small business management is an important process that involves several steps to ensure the success of a business. The following are some of the essential steps in small business management:

• Develop a business plan: This is a vital step in small business management that outlines the goals, objectives, and strategies of the business. It helps to define the direction and focus of the business, as well as helping to secure external funding.
• Set up a business structure: This step involves choosing the appropriate legal structure for the business and registering it with the relevant authorities. It is important to consider the advantages and disadvantages of the various structures available, such as sole proprietorship, partnership, corporation, limited liability company (LLC), and nonprofit.
• Secure financing: This step involves finding the necessary funds to launch and operate the business. This can be done through a variety of sources such as loans, grants, venture capital, angel investors, or crowdfunding.
• Establish accounting systems: This step involves setting up the financial systems and procedures to track the business' income and expenses. This includes setting up bookkeeping software, creating invoices, and filing taxes.
• Manage relationships: This step involves building and maintaining relationships with suppliers, vendors, and customers. It is important to build trust and good rapport with these stakeholders to ensure the success of the business.
• Optimize marketing strategies: This step involves developing and executing effective marketing strategies to reach the target audience and promote the business. This includes creating a website, utilizing social media, and engaging in digital marketing.
• Monitor operations: This step involves overseeing the day-to-day operations of the business. It involves monitoring the performance of staff, ensuring the quality of products and services, and managing risks.
• Evaluate progress: This step involves assessing the progress of the business and making adjustments as necessary. This includes reviewing the business plan, analyzing financial statements, and reviewing progress against goals.

Advantages of small business management

Small business management offers many advantages to the business owner, including increased control over operations, lower overhead costs, and the ability to tailor services and products to meet customer needs. Here are some of the advantages of small business management:

• Increased Control: Small business owners have more control over their operations and can make decisions quickly to respond to changing customer needs or market conditions.
• Lower Overhead Costs: With fewer employees and fewer resources needed, small businesses can often operate with lower overhead costs than larger businesses.
• Tailored Services and Products: Small business owners have the ability to customize services and products to meet the specific needs of their customers, which can give them a competitive edge.
• Flexibility: Small business owners have the ability to be flexible and adjust operations or services quickly, which can help them stay ahead of their competition.
• Access to Capital: Small business owners often have access to capital that would not be available to larger businesses. This can help them finance start-up costs or other needs.

Limitations of small business management

Small business management has its limitations due to the size and scope of the business. These include:

• Limited Resources: Small businesses have limited resources, such as funds, personnel, and technology, which can make it difficult to stay competitive in the market.
• Limited Scale: Small businesses, compared to larger corporations, have limited scale and can be more easily affected by external factors such as changes in the market, regulations, or the economy.
• Limited Expertise: Small businesses may lack the expertise and specialized knowledge required to effectively manage their business.
• Risk Aversion: Small businesses may be more averse to taking risks due to their limited resources and expertise, which can limit their ability to innovate and grow.
• Time Constraints: Small business owners are often overwhelmed by the amount of time and energy required to manage their business, which can hamper their ability to focus on long-term success.

Other approaches related to small business management

Small business management involves a variety of different approaches, all designed to help a small business reach its goals and objectives. These approaches include:

• Strategic Planning: This involves creating a long-term vision for the business, setting goals and objectives, and developing a plan to reach these goals. It also involves analyzing the competition and the industry, as well as identifying opportunities for growth.
• Financial Management: This involves creating budgets, controlling expenses, and understanding the financial implications of business decisions. It also involves setting up accounting systems, creating financial reports, and developing strategies for managing cash flow.
• HR Management: This involves setting up and managing employee policies, recruiting and training staff, and managing employee performance. It also involves managing employee benefits and maintaining a pleasant work environment.
• Marketing and Sales: This involves developing a marketing strategy, creating campaigns, and managing the sales process. It also involves keeping up with changes in the marketplace and understanding customer needs.
• Operations Management: This involves managing the day-to-day operations of the business, as well as developing and implementing systems to help increase efficiency.

These approaches all work together to help small businesses achieve success. By planning and managing each of these areas effectively, an entrepreneur can ensure that their business is well positioned for long-term growth and profitability.

Suggested literature

• Longenecker, J. G., Petty, J. W., Palich, L. E., & Hoy, F. (2013). Small business management. Cengage Learning.
• Gibb, A. A. (1996). Entrepreneurship and small business management: can we afford to neglect them in the twenty‐first century business school?. British Journal of management, 7(4), 309-321.