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...be done through various methods such as advertising, [[personal selling]], sales promotions, public relations, [[direct marketing]], or through digital chan ==Example of forms of promotion==

...], its pricing, distribution, promotion, and implementation and monitoring of these activities on international markets. When entering the international ==The objectives of international trade==

...rvice. This kind of contact with the [[client]] allows to reduce the costs of providing assistance to the client<ref>T.Reponen. 2003. p.181-182</ref>. The most common means of communication between buyer and [[supplier]] are:

...the resources and budget needed to achieve those targets, and developing a sales [[plan]] to execute on that strategy. ==Example of Sales planning==

...dor's products or services. It has become more and more common for sellers of capital goods in particular not only to sell the [[product]], but also prov ...ms of vendor financing, such as stimulating sales and getting larger share of a [[market]].

...that is dependent on documents established in contract of sale. The reason of that method is to '''decreases the [[risk]] and guarantee''' for [[customer ...ustomer agreed to pay for goods. This kind of payment costs about '''2% of sales volume''' value<ref> Mühlbacher H., Leihs H., Dahringer L., (2006), p. 681

...rnals'''. It is used in an accounting [[system]] to record credit sells. A sales journal is used to organize transactions for merchandise sold on store cred ==Entries in Sales Journal==

...venues to the seller than other [[auction]] forms. Most often, these types of auctions take place in '''auction houses''' and it's used for selling antiq ==Conduct of the English auction==

.... The choice of design depends on the field of activity and [[creativity]] of the company<ref>Stephenson J. (2007)., ''Ultimate Small Business [[Marketin '''The sales kit usually contains<ref>Jones E. (2014)., ''The [[Startup|StartUp]] Kit: E

...herefore, it is a fundamental part of the annual sales plans for thousands of large and small advertisers (Various, preface). ==Combination of outdoor advertising with other media==

...o purchase a company's goods or services. Personal selling is an effective sales technique because it allows salespeople to build relationships with their c ...ships with their customers and increase sales. By following the five steps of the personal selling [[process]], salespeople can develop relationships wit

...pecific goals in the area of human resources or sales. There are two forms of entertainment allowance: * '''sales entertainment expenditures.'''

...ernal partners and [[stakeholders]]. Matrix organization combines features of divisional and hierarchical structures, with tasks grouped around both func ==Example forms of organisation==

...le''' is used to guarantee that seller has right to transfer the ownership of the property and no one else has right to that property. It can also guaran ...he warranty of title cannot be given in case of [[sheriffs sales|sheriff's sales]] when seller acts as representative. But in that case warranty is backed b

Promotion is an active phase of [[communication]] between the [[company]] and potential consumers, in order The concept of promotion is often misused synonymously with advertising, however, these ar

...nance and human resources to [[marketing]] and sales, KPIs help every area of the business move forward at a strategic level. A good performance indicato KPIs come in many forms. While some measure monthly progress toward goals, others focus on the long

...imed at carefully chosen [[customer]]s to obtain their reaction. Main idea of direct marketing is that customer doesn't need to go to shop to find out ab ==Forms of advertisement used in direct marketing==

''Agreement monopolistic'' is the [[behavior]] of the companies which is undertaken to reduce [[competition]] in the [[market * High [[Mobility barriers|barriers of entry]] to the market

...nt strategies, promotions, and incentives are best implemented to maximize sales. POP is also the time when retailers have the most influence on customer [[ ==Example of point of purchase==

...in one place, in order to generate additional revenue-also known as add-on sales, or incremental purchase. This is done in conjunction with [[customer]]-cen ...electronic items: gardening glove placed near lawn-care products; a range of shampoo kept along with conditioners or other hair-care products<ref>S. Bha

...mercial goods which are sold at auction, require a direct or indirect view of the object. Auctions are organized as public tender. The seller has a chanc ...lso emergency auctions, which are held when there is a [[need]]. This kind of auctions can be organized by the producers, other traders, warehouses, carr

...the purchase of a company’s assets, usually at a discount with the intent of reselling them for a [[profit]]. Asset stripping is typically used when a [ ...ts]], such as subsidiaries, brands, and divisions. The proceeds from these sales can be used to pay off creditors or to finance new [[investments]].

...departments that deal with media contacts, which resulted in the creation of specialized Media Houses. Media houses have a wide range of responsibilities, including:

...e more intense, which affects the possibility of transition to other forms of [[internationalization]] that require greater involvement. ...t that trade in investment goods usually takes place on a loan. The choice of this distribution route may be determined by lower costs in relation to the

...taffing''' is the answer of the labor [[market]] to the changing [[needs]] of the employer in order to maximize and optimize the organization, increase [ It required a change of work organization in order to increase its flexibility<ref>Brett R. F. (200

...d of time, within which the entire advance value passes through the stages of production and circulation <ref> Warrad L. (2013), p. 117 </ref>. ==Features of capital turnover==

...od<ref> Kurtz D., Mackenzie H. (2009) p.328 </ref>. '''Classic examples''' of unsought goods are home security systems, pre-planned funeral services and ...difficult. This can also be done by educating customers of the importance of the good or bundling the product with other complementary services, such as

..., evidence of cash transactions, records of accounting books and all kinds of supporting documents (Center for [[Audit]] [[Quality]] 2009). ==Account entries can have various forms==

...allocation of funds depending on the changing market situation (conditions of the [[environment]] and [[competition]]) <ref> Alireza A., Mahdi D., Minoo '''Importance of [[marketing]] [[strategy]]''' is very high in contemporary [[company]]. Goo

...ludes the [[planning]], [[controlling|control]] and implementation of flow of goods and [[information]] between countries. International logistics can al * flows oriented at recipients of finished goods, services and products.

.... It can be characterized by results that are below average, falling short of goals or objectives, inefficient processes, or other measures that are not ==Example of below par==

...e campaign intends to target. Popular practice that combines various forms of media mentioned above is event based promotional campaign. ...''', they [[need]] to remain consistent with events ideas. There is plenty of organizations and businesses supporting big events. Promotional campaign ne

...n, the issuer will pay the bondholder an amount higher than the face value of the bond. ==Example of Original issue discount==

...id pace. This is one of the most common forms of sales cooperation because of the above-mentioned bilateral benefits. ...increasing effectiveness of the company, its intangible value in the form of a personal [[brand]] and [[image]] is decreasing. Companies should therefor

...between specific recipients, which allows us to individualize the content of the message. ==Objectives of customer service offices==

...544</ref>. Every amount of additional money or assets, which are the part of business acquisition are established (at '''acquisition date''') to '''fair ...t period, and it is an asset, then this change is reported in '''"earnings of the period"'''<ref>Delaney P. R., Whittington O. R., Wiley (2010) , p. 672<

'''[[Market]] connection''' informs about level of acceptance of the [[brand]] or [[company]] on the market. Companies strive for high marke ...can function efficiently. The combination helps you to meet the [[needs]] of the environment, gain support for your activities, build trust and ultimate

...gments. It is often used to maximize profits or to attract a wider variety of customers. Companies may also use it to differentiate their products in the ...is comparable with prices set for them, or segments have "different degree of [[demand]]" <ref>Frost R. D., Fox A., Strauss J., (2018), p. Chapter 10</re

...gotiations are the result mainly of the negotiating and [[selling skills]] of the participants. * use of time,

...t 30% directly by producers. Consumers buy directly from producers only 5% of goods. * '''sales agents''' - known as '''wholesalers''', '''retailers''' - acting on their o

...mpaign is considered to be an increase in sales and in consequence profits of the [[company]]. ==Analysis of the degree of advertising coverage==

...pean Commission initiated investigation seeing huge potential of this kind of employment. ==Legal aspects of teleworking==

...invest in and expand their operations. This can be done through a variety of methods, including borrowing [[money]], selling stock, and reinvesting prof ==Ways of capital formation==

'''Overproduction''' ('''oversupply''') in [[economics]] it's an excess of supply over [[demand]]. It is more strictly defined in [[lean manufacturing ...nternal customer]] concept it treats each next [[workplace]] as a customer of earlier one. In that approach more overproduction is revealed. The next ste

...tiated in terms of their functions and internal structure. The instruments of promotion mix are: * sales promotion,

...mplemented in the form of oral or written [[information]] describing scope of activities and duties. ...activities, however, the employer shall prepare it, at least for purposes of proof before the Court.

...meet their [[needs]] and expectations. This requires a deep understanding of the customer, their wants and needs, and a commitment to providing the best ==Example of relationships with customers==

...ibilities are put on the managers ([[management by delegation|delegated]]) of individual departments (divisions). Departmentalization leads often to buil # Grouping by function - e.g. [[marketing]], sales, etc.

...nspire employees to work harder, be more productive, and reach new heights of success. It also can be used to encourage people to take risks, take on new ...incentives for achieving specific goals, such as a gift card for meeting a sales quota.

...ive channels for delivery. Additionally, marketers must measure the impact of their efforts and adjust their strategy as needed to ensure that their camp ==Example of efficient marketing==

...e ago because other payments are very often involved in the [[production]] of entertainment. Movies and music goods can generate profits long after they ...residual payment is the only type of benefit that may be paid on the basis of less than 10 years. It is paid when it appears that no further benefits, ba

...ding to user messages, and engaging with influencers. Ultimately, the goal of social media marketing is to build [[relationships with customers]] and pro ==Example of social media marketing==

...he [[market]] for outdoor advertising and the evolution of the advertising sales [[industry]] have and will continue to affect transit agencies and transit ...subways and 3 million subway riders - transit ads can reach large numbers of individuals in a [[cost]]-efficient manner. The once-utilitarian bus stop h

...profits because it promotes the purchase of more than one item. This type of price discrimination is practised in many sectors for example in the hardwa ...o key underlying dimensions that can be used to classify the various forms of bundling strategies:

The components of [[enterprise]] '''[[logistics]] [[system]]''' are: ...verall objective of an enterprise logistics system is to optimize the flow of goods, services and [[information]] in order to meet [[customer]] demands w

...efficient and enjoyable checkout experience, as well as offering a variety of payment options and transparent pricing. ==Example of shopping cart abandonment==

...consumer, information can be passed on more effectively because a feeling of trust is created (Bhattacharya, Gaurav, Ghosh 2019). ...the rise of the [[internet]] (Bestari et al 2021, p. 390). Through the use of online media, information is rapidly spreading around the world (Summers 20

...marketing activities by groups of functions including sales, advertising, sales promotion, [[marketing research]], product [[planning]], etc. * Difficult use of this organizational form in companies with a large variety of products and markets

...y. This resulted, among other things, from the possibility of intensifying sales volumes in the network. Through this small family business, they were able Traditional form of conducting business is based on the fact that the [[entrepreneur]] uses it

...isation or a group name with the highest percentage of total sales revenue of a specific market. ...the biggest sales but to be a relevant product for customers (''Definition of Market Leader'' 2019).

Definition of '''competitive parity''' describes a [[process]] of allocating a budget for promotional activities. ==Principles of competitive parity==

...commitments. Operating within '''14 days ''' on average it is also a form of revolving credit that can be drawn upon as needed. ...rring cash quickly but often at higher [[interest]] rates than other forms of credit. For businesses, they are most often used to cover temporary shortfa

...ithout transfer of [[money]]). Barter is considered the most original form of trade. ==Disadvantages of barter==

...om its competitors. Overall, the core product is the most important aspect of a product that drives [[customer loyalty]] and [[brand]] reputation<ref> Ma ==Examples of a core product==

...ires clear [[communication]], effective coordination of tasks, and the use of appropriate tools to monitor and measure progress. ==Example of goal achievement==

...ration for investors, as it can have an outsized impact on the performance of an individual security or company. As such, investors must take extra care ==Example of idiosyncratic risk==

...e]] in exchange for a fee. Franchise agreements usually contains two forms of charges which [[franchisee]] is obligated to pay franchisor: the '''initial ...red initial costs, his offer would be unattractive against the back ground of competitive offerts (P.Krzyżaniak, 2016 p. 44).

...ers it represents. In other words, the manufacturer obtains the advantages of an export department without really having one. An export [[management comp * a line of complementary products might get better appearance than just an individual

...the agreement. This technique works by exploiting the psychological effect of having already committed to something. The low-ball technique is commonly used in sales, where a salesperson might initially offer a [[customer]] a [[product]] at

...physical place called retail store. Another function is being a '''channel of [[communication]]'''. Retailers during [[competition]] with each other allo ...ject of [[interest]] one day later. '''Plentiful stock will generate costs of storage for almost one year.'''

...n other words, the seller requires that the buyer tie or link the purchase of two different products or services together. ==Example of Tying arrangement==

'''Vertical [[diversification strategy]]''' is one of the business development [[options]]. Managers choose a new [[market]] in w ...anufactured by the company. Results of actions can be measured by relation of a prior [[business results]] to planned goals. In addition to vertical dive

...rease the level of this activity in the future. The company value consists of licenses, patents, [[technology]], [[market position]], company [[strategy] * a constant base of buyers,

...must be taken into account when assessing the potential success or failure of a project. ==Example of cost of failure==

...communication involves constant [[flow of information]]. The integral part of business communication is feedback. ==Elements of business communication process==

...the [[product]], but also the prestige, which is virtual. Interesting part of prestige products are luxury services like health & wellness, exotic [[tour ...y to rare, expensive, desirable or trendy products like exotic cars, works of art or limited collections from well known fashion designers (T. Pettinger

...ple often stressed the impact of interactive media technologies on forming of the culture. ...rs, network executives, bloggers show a very high activity in the creation of [[consumer]] culture.

advertising) consist of advertising activities that are largely non-targeted and have a wide reach. ...ctive when the [[target group]] is very large and difficult to define. One of the major drawbacks in the ATL campaigns is the inability to evaluate the c

...generate [[brand]] awareness, drive website traffic and leads, or increase sales. ==Example of social media advertisement==

==Example of ability to communicate== * In a '''sales''' setting, communication is key for making a sale. The salesperson must be

...ial market based on a set of assumption inform about upper bound to actual sales. Potential market the first and key point to consider entering a new market ...ber of possible buyers by the by the average selling [[price]] of one unit of the product by the quantity purchased by the average buyer. However, the mo

...elements: text, graphics, and sometimes also advanced functions like order forms or [[database]] search panel. Behind almost every website there is a special set of HTML codes that allow browsers to format and display text and [[image]] lin

...] and reduced processing [[capability]]. It analyses the external symptoms of behaviour, reactions and thought processes that cannot be subject to direct ...eral stages, including problem recognition, information search, evaluation of alternatives, purchase decision, and post-purchase evaluation. The model al

'''Cross Marketing''' - it's a type of Marketing [[ Strategy]] in which at least two [[enterprise|enterprises]] co ...definition of this occurrence because cross-marketing appears in different forms and goals <ref>Y. Koppen, 2009 P.5</ref>.

...promotion, distribution, customer [[service]], and sales. Different types of marketing strategies include public relations, advertising, [[direct market ==Example of types of marketing==

...veness [[strategy]]''' of [[marketing]] is related to the scope and weight of the competitive techniques and tools used to obtain [[competitive advantage ==Four degrees of aggressiveness strategy==

...es instead of passively waiting for them to appear. This strategy consists of the following elements: * '''Advertising''': Advertising is used to create awareness of the product or service, and to entice potential customers to seek it out. T

...ng, and producing packaging specifically for retail products. It is a form of [[marketing]] and branding [[strategy]] used to help draw attention to a [[ ==Example of retail packaging==

...that the [[company]] undertakes abroad. It is connected with the increase of economic ties between specific countries and their regional groupings and e ...mainly focused on the [[market]] researchers, means that [[globalization]] of the [[enterprise]] takes place at various levels, and not only within the b

...izations [[need]] to have a comprehensive [[plan]] that outlines the goals of their public relations, the strategies to be used, and the tactics to be im ...lations''': Media relations involves developing relationships with members of the media, pitching stories to them, and responding to media inquiries. It

...holders]]. A very important fact is that companies may use different types of equity to create an '''equity participation program''', for example, common The main points of Equity participation (J. L. Batman 2007, s, 681):

...used numerous forms of media for instance: television, radio, print, word of mouth, events, billboards, [[Internet]] and so on ([http://www.businessdict ...nies use manipulation. There is several methods which could have influence of consumer [[behaviour]] and their buying decision, for instance good [[knowl

...g habits of consumers and businesses, and therefore affect the performance of a [[company]]. These factors are often beyond a company's control, and may ==The Five Forces Model of competition==

...fying areas of improvement, and creating strategies to address these areas of improvement. This [[process]] helps managers to gain insights about the cur ==Example of learning from experience==

...imilarity of the acts performed by them as well as around a common subject of the [[work]]. In addition to above mentioned two basic criteria for groupin ...s may be too narrowly focused on their organizational units and lose sight of the whole system.

...penalty for unreliable bookkeeping. Therefore, obtaining appropriate proof of posting documents is essential for running a business. ==Types of proof of posting==

...n not afford to perform broad range of development activities in situation of dominating threats (managers should choose '''defensive [[strategy]]''', '' ==Examples of weaknesses==

...a type of sales [[strategy]] carried out by some companies which consists of charging different prices to customers for the same good or [[service]]. In ...that would be obtained if it is assumed that customers are equal in terms of preferences, and thus, treating the target market as a single one without s

...[[organization]] of enterprises which are aimed at continuous development of their collective interests. ...advocate on behalf of the whole commerce community. The mission of chamber of commerce is to build relationships between businesses at every level: local

...cies were to act as a development of advertising agencies, and their scope of activity was to be carried out only on the Internet. Currently, however, co ==Range of activities==